https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw
.trig | .trig.txt | .jelly | .jelly.txt | .jsonld | .jsonld.txt | .nq | .nq.txt | .xml | .xml.txt
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sub:Head {
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np:hasAssertion sub:assertion;
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sub:assertion {
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test> a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
dc:description "Each Europe PMC XML was split into sentences. Charonia or triton sentences were scored from PMC5519703: proboscis-bores-shell required a shell perforation named with the proboscis or radula; does-not-bore required the proboscis to penetrate or be inserted into an echinoderm with no shell-boring sentence. Muricid sentences were scored from the other three papers, and a sentence naming Stramonita haemastoma met the muricid rule. The claim passes only if both kinds are proboscis-bores-shell. Both kinds were scored and the trumpet-shell was not, so the conjunction refutes. The denominator is the two named kinds.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Measured: 0.5 fraction of the two named kinds (purple murex, trumpet-shell) scored proboscis-bores-shell (n = 2, kinds scored: 2 of 2). Interpretation: The sentence is about two testaceans, the purple murex and the ceryx (trumpet-shell), and it says their proboscis bores through the shells of the shellfish they eat. Purple murex is scored as Muricidae. Trumpet-shell is scored as Charonia, the giant triton, not as every tonnoidean. Boring a hole in a shell is the observation. Eating an echinoderm by pushing the proboscis into its body is not boring a shell. The accessory boring organ, when a paper places it in the foot, is not the proboscis.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-ha04-08: refutes, confidence 0.73";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso> <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha04-08/result.json>;
prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets> "Checksummed papers that report feeding or shell-drilling observations for Muricidae and for Charonia. A diet list that does not say whether a shell was perforated is not enough. FishBase is fishes and is not admissible.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType> "claim-test/0.1.0";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind> "biological";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation> "Either kind is described as not perforating shells, or as perforating them with an organ other than the proboscis.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst> "Mondal et al. 2021 count drillholes and say some could be muricid, but they expect mostly naticid holes and do not name a proboscis. That paper is not the muricid sentence that was scored.",
"The Cassidae sentence in the triton paper, about boring a sea-urchin body wall with a radula and proboscis, is a different family and was not scored as Charonia.",
"The purple murex is scored from Stramonita haemastoma, a muricid, not from a species named Murex. The sentence says the accessory boring organ and the radula drill the bivalve shell and the proboscis is inserted into the hole. That meets the pre-registered muricid rule because the radula takes part. It is one species standing for the kind Aristotle names.",
"The trumpet-shell is Charonia. PMC5519703 records the proboscis penetrating a crown-of-thorns starfish. No sentence in that paper says Charonia bores a mollusc shell. One of two kinds fails, so the conjunction refutes.",
"n is the two named kinds, not a count of individual snails.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation> "A checksummed account of Muricidae and a checksummed account of Charonia each say that the animal perforates a prey shell and that the proboscis takes part.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion> "Refutes if both kinds are scored and at least one is not proboscis-bores-shell. A kind that the same papers describe as feeding by inserting the proboscis into soft tissue without perforating a shell is does-not-bore. A kind described as drilling shells with an accessory boring organ or the foot, and not with the proboscis, is bores-not-proboscis. A kind described as drilling shells with the organ unnamed is bores-organ-unnamed. All three are not proboscis-bores-shell. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if exactly one kind is scored. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if neither paper states a feeding or drilling act for either kind. Inconclusive, reason not-operationalizable, if the papers name the animals and do not say whether a shell is perforated.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence> "0.73"^^xsd:double;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict> "refutes";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis> "Both the purple murex (Muricidae) and the trumpet-shell (Charonia) perforate the shells of shelled prey with the proboscis.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod> "Two kinds, scored independently as proboscis-bores-shell or not. The claim passes only if both are. It refutes if both are scored and either is not. One scored kind is underpowered.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion> "Each named kind is scored from a checksummed paper, separately. A kind is proboscis-bores-shell only if a sentence names that kind (Muricidae, muricid, murex or Stramonita for the purple murex; Charonia or triton for the trumpet-shell) together with a shell perforation (bore, drill or borehole) and names the proboscis or the radula it carries as taking part. The claim passes only if both kinds are proboscis-bores-shell. The denominator is the two named kinds.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered> "false"^^xsd:boolean .
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<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "feeding of Charonia: proboscis penetration of a starfish, not a shell";
dc:license "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Bose et al. 2017, giant triton salivary gland and feeding on crown-of-thorns starfish";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC5519703/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05974-x>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:3bc7131fa48bc580d571f664b68e942e6c8ae75db4c85f88676e9e47b5196730" .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "drillhole census; fetched because it names muricid drilling. It did not supply the muricid sentence that was scored";
dc:license "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Mondal et al. 2021, drillholes on the eastern Indian coast";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC8389373/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256685>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:eadaf3e2f8a1e5e29c44dc1c7f91c1d1f4c68fed07032007b6b0ca33de52b5c1" .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "mentions muricids that drill; the scored muricid sentence is in the Stramonita paper";
dc:license "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Fedosov et al. 2025, venom glands of marine predatory snails";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12075767/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaf095>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:88f81f41a203e38b7e1b2a5575cc5e2a42ed4b1be2fb00315c6b111236166989" .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "Stramonita haemastoma (Muricidae) drills bivalve shells with the accessory boring organ and radula, and the proboscis is inserted into the hole";
dc:license "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Ringeval et al. 2026, toxin organs of Monoplex corrugatus and Stramonita haemastoma";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12964963/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-026-12592-3>;
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}
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sub:pubinfo {
this: dc:created "2026-11-08T16:24:31.757Z"^^xsd:dateTime;
dc:creator <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
dc:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>;
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npx:introduces <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test>;
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-ha04-08: refutes, confidence 0.73";
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