https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/Head https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Each Europe PMC XML was split into sentences. Charonia or triton sentences were scored from PMC5519703: proboscis-bores-shell required a shell perforation named with the proboscis or radula; does-not-bore required the proboscis to penetrate or be inserted into an echinoderm with no shell-boring sentence. Muricid sentences were scored from the other three papers, and a sentence naming Stramonita haemastoma met the muricid rule. The claim passes only if both kinds are proboscis-bores-shell. Both kinds were scored and the trumpet-shell was not, so the conjunction refutes. The denominator is the two named kinds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.5 fraction of the two named kinds (purple murex, trumpet-shell) scored proboscis-bores-shell (n = 2, kinds scored: 2 of 2). Interpretation: The sentence is about two testaceans, the purple murex and the ceryx (trumpet-shell), and it says their proboscis bores through the shells of the shellfish they eat. Purple murex is scored as Muricidae. Trumpet-shell is scored as Charonia, the giant triton, not as every tonnoidean. Boring a hole in a shell is the observation. Eating an echinoderm by pushing the proboscis into its body is not boring a shell. The accessory boring organ, when a paper places it in the foot, is not the proboscis. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha04-08: refutes, confidence 0.73 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha04-08/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Checksummed papers that report feeding or shell-drilling observations for Muricidae and for Charonia. A diet list that does not say whether a shell was perforated is not enough. FishBase is fishes and is not admissible. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Either kind is described as not perforating shells, or as perforating them with an organ other than the proboscis. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Mondal et al. 2021 count drillholes and say some could be muricid, but they expect mostly naticid holes and do not name a proboscis. That paper is not the muricid sentence that was scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The Cassidae sentence in the triton paper, about boring a sea-urchin body wall with a radula and proboscis, is a different family and was not scored as Charonia. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The purple murex is scored from Stramonita haemastoma, a muricid, not from a species named Murex. The sentence says the accessory boring organ and the radula drill the bivalve shell and the proboscis is inserted into the hole. That meets the pre-registered muricid rule because the radula takes part. It is one species standing for the kind Aristotle names. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The trumpet-shell is Charonia. PMC5519703 records the proboscis penetrating a crown-of-thorns starfish. No sentence in that paper says Charonia bores a mollusc shell. One of two kinds fails, so the conjunction refutes. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst n is the two named kinds, not a count of individual snails. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation A checksummed account of Muricidae and a checksummed account of Charonia each say that the animal perforates a prey shell and that the proboscis takes part. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Refutes if both kinds are scored and at least one is not proboscis-bores-shell. A kind that the same papers describe as feeding by inserting the proboscis into soft tissue without perforating a shell is does-not-bore. A kind described as drilling shells with an accessory boring organ or the foot, and not with the proboscis, is bores-not-proboscis. A kind described as drilling shells with the organ unnamed is bores-organ-unnamed. All three are not proboscis-bores-shell. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if exactly one kind is scored. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if neither paper states a feeding or drilling act for either kind. Inconclusive, reason not-operationalizable, if the papers name the animals and do not say whether a shell is perforated. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.73 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis Both the purple murex (Muricidae) and the trumpet-shell (Charonia) perforate the shells of shelled prey with the proboscis. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Two kinds, scored independently as proboscis-bores-shell or not. The claim passes only if both are. It refutes if both are scored and either is not. One scored kind is underpowered. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Each named kind is scored from a checksummed paper, separately. A kind is proboscis-bores-shell only if a sentence names that kind (Muricidae, muricid, murex or Stramonita for the purple murex; Charonia or triton for the trumpet-shell) together with a shell perforation (bore, drill or borehole) and names the proboscis or the radula it carries as taking part. The claim passes only if both kinds are proboscis-bores-shell. The denominator is the two named kinds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha04-08 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description feeding of Charonia: proboscis penetration of a starfish, not a shell https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Bose et al. 2017, giant triton salivary gland and feeding on crown-of-thorns starfish https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC5519703/fullTextXML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-05974-x https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:3bc7131fa48bc580d571f664b68e942e6c8ae75db4c85f88676e9e47b5196730 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description drillhole census; fetched because it names muricid drilling. It did not supply the muricid sentence that was scored https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Mondal et al. 2021, drillholes on the eastern Indian coast https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC8389373/fullTextXML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256685 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:eadaf3e2f8a1e5e29c44dc1c7f91c1d1f4c68fed07032007b6b0ca33de52b5c1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description mentions muricids that drill; the scored muricid sentence is in the Stramonita paper https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Fedosov et al. 2025, venom glands of marine predatory snails https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12075767/fullTextXML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaf095 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:88f81f41a203e38b7e1b2a5575cc5e2a42ed4b1be2fb00315c6b111236166989 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Stramonita haemastoma (Muricidae) drills bivalve shells with the accessory boring organ and radula, and the proboscis is inserted into the hole https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Ringeval et al. 2026, toxin organs of Monoplex corrugatus and Stramonita haemastoma https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC12964963/fullTextXML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-026-12592-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha04-08--claim-test--dataset-4 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:5b501e093690b183f8fce74bd997beedf746be54e5e7e5f2de2ede9d8087ea6d https://w3id.org/np/RABpTXhv7R5AdRu8_YNZUgnwOYct5qSzVpmyDuwYoIcgw/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; 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