https://w3id.org/np/RA3KyyB2LvZdWpkNG6EkjewczHhzEmvMN7i-8r-fHrzuA
.trig | .trig.txt | .jelly | .jelly.txt | .jsonld | .jsonld.txt | .nq | .nq.txt | .xml | .xml.txt
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sub:assertion {
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
dc:description "Downloaded the ZFIN anatomy-term file and matched term names to kidney, metanephros, mesonephros and pronephros. Queried BioSamples for Gallus gallus, Danio rerio and Anolis carolinensis with the pre-registered organism-part values, and took the value with the largest total. Trachemys scripta is reported and is not required for the verdict. One hit refutes the universal; no hit is inconclusive.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Measured: 4 sources or species with a kidney record (n = 14). Interpretation: Feathered animals are represented by the chicken, scaled fishes by the zebrafish, and scaly reptiles that are not tortoises by the green anole. Aristotle allows flattened kidney-like bodies in some birds and still says the kidney is wanting; a structure named kidney, or a pronephros, mesonephros or metanephros, counts as the organ. Tortoises are the stated exception and are queried only as a description. One counterexample refutes a universal absence.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-pa03-23 (pr-169): refutes, confidence 0.85";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso> <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa03-23/pr-169/result.json>;
prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets> "The ZFIN zebrafish anatomy-term download, which lists structures of Danio rerio, and the public EBI BioSamples index filtered by organism and organism part. A sample of an organ is evidence the organ was present in the sampled animal. An ontology or sample index that does not mention an organ is not evidence of absence.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType> "claim-test/0.1.0";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind> "biological";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation> "A curated zebrafish anatomy term naming a kidney, or at least one public biosample of kidney from a chicken, a zebrafish or a green anole.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst> "A biosample of kidney shows that the organ was taken from that species. It is not a survey of every bird and every fish.",
"Aristotle's flattened kidney-like bodies in birds are counted as kidneys when the source names them as a kidney or a nephros.",
"No kidney record in these two sources would not establish that kidneys are absent, so that outcome stays inconclusive.",
"ZFIN is the anatomy of the zebrafish, a scaled bony fish, not of every scaled animal.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation> "No confirming observation is defined. The universal would require coded absence across feathered and scaled animals, which these sources do not provide.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion> "Pre-registered. The claim is refuted if the ZFIN zebrafish anatomy list contains a term whose name is kidney, metanephros, mesonephros or pronephros, or if EBI BioSamples reports at least one sample of Gallus gallus, Danio rerio or Anolis carolinensis whose organism-part value is one of kidney, Kidney, adult kidney or kidney tissue. A tortoise sample is reported and is not required. If both sources are fetched and neither records such a kidney, the verdict is inconclusive with reason other. If both sources fail to return a readable file or response, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence> "0.85"^^xsd:double;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict> "refutes";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis> "If kidneys are absent from every feathered or scaled animal except tortoises, public anatomy records do not list a kidney for a bird, a bony fish or a lizard.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod> "Exact, case-sensitive match of organism-part values in the pre-registered list, and a case-insensitive exact match of ZFIN term names to the four kidney names. One hit refutes the universal. Zero hits, with the sources readable, is inconclusive.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion> "Pre-registered. The test cannot support the universal absence. Failure to find a kidney record in the two sources is not evidence that the organ is absent. There is no pass condition.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered> "false"^^xsd:boolean .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-pa03-23> <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment>
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169> .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "anatomical terms of Danio rerio, including kidney terms if listed";
dc:license "ZFIN data are publicly downloadable; cite ZFIN";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: ZFIN zebrafish anatomy term list";
prov:atLocation <https://zfin.org/downloads/anatomy_item.txt>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://zfin.org/downloads>;
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<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "samples whose organism part is kidney for chicken, zebrafish and green anole";
dc:license "Public BioSamples records";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: EMBL-EBI BioSamples";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biosamples/samples>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/biosamples/>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:14b000d34a0911581b8b97b933871cdf5d885232af1ef71791c51309cb461de2" .
}
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this: dc:created "2026-11-08T16:24:31.795Z"^^xsd:dateTime;
dc:creator <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
dc:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>;
npx:hasNanopubType <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
npx:introduces <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-23--claim-test--pr-169>;
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-pa03-23 (pr-169): refutes, confidence 0.85";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology> .
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