https://w3id.org/np/RAY1qilnNFatjSIrStAoLWHH-FbyIdCqRRMdePA4rM5Pc
.trig | .trig.txt | .jelly | .jelly.txt | .jsonld | .jsonld.txt | .nq | .nq.txt | .xml | .xml.txt
@prefix this: <https://w3id.org/np/RAY1qilnNFatjSIrStAoLWHH-FbyIdCqRRMdePA4rM5Pc> .
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@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
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@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
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sub:Head {
this: a np:Nanopublication;
np:hasAssertion sub:assertion;
np:hasProvenance sub:provenance;
np:hasPublicationInfo sub:pubinfo .
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sub:assertion {
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test> a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
dc:description "AnAge families in class Mammalia, excluding order Monotremata, are the denominator (139 families). Sentences in PMC7253787 that contain menstruat or menses were pooled. A family is positive if that pool contains the family name, the order name, or an AnAge binomial from the family. The word primates marks every AnAge primate family. f = 19/139 = 0.1367.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Measured: 0.1367 fraction of non-monotreme AnAge mammal families named in a menstruation sentence (n = 139, 19 families positive). Interpretation: The sentence covers animals that are viviparous without first producing an egg, which Aristotle identifies with humans and viviparous quadrupeds, and it sets the mule aside as a defective sterile hybrid. Monotremes lay eggs, so they are outside the set. Marsupials and placentals are inside it. The claim says they have the catamenia, meaning an overt menstrual discharge, not merely an oestrous cycle. The denominator is families, because the claim is universal over those animals and a review's short list of species is not itself a denominator.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-ga01-29: refutes, confidence 0.8";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso> <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga01-29/result.json>;
prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets> "AnAge for the family list, and one checksummed review that states which mammals menstruate. A sentence about oestrus that does not say menstruation does not count. The mule is not a row.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType> "claim-test/0.1.0";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind> "biological";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation> "Fewer than half of those families are named in such a sentence.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst> "A family absent from these sentences is not a histological demonstration that it never menstruates. The paper is a review of species in which menstruation has been described. That is enough to refuse a claim that the discharge is general across viviparous mammals, and it is not a survey of every family.",
"Crediting every primate family, including lemurs, is what the order-name rule does, and it raises f. The fraction is still far below one half.",
"Monotremes were excluded because they lay eggs. Marsupials remain in the denominator and none of their families was named in a menstruation sentence.",
"Nineteen of 139 non-monotreme mammal families are positive, f = 0.1367, below the pre-registered refute line of 0.50. Sixteen of the nineteen are primate families marked because the word primates occurs in a menstruation sentence, not because each family was named. Muridae is marked by Acomys cahirinus, Phyllostomidae by Carollia perspicillata, and Pteropodidae by Rousettus leschenaultii.",
"Overt menstruation is the quantity. Oestrous cycles are not counted. The mule is not an AnAge family and was not added.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation> "At least 90 percent of AnAge mammal families other than monotremes are named, by family, order, or species, in a sentence of the paper that uses the word menstruation or menses.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion> "Refutes if n >= 20 and f < 0.50. Mixed if n >= 20 and 0.50 <= f < 0.90. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if n < 20. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if AnAge or the paper cannot be fetched. A family not named in a menstruation sentence is not positive. Oestrus without the words menstruat or menses is not menstruation.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence> "0.8"^^xsd:double;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test--dataset-1>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test--dataset-2>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict> "refutes";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis> "Among mammal families that bear live young without first laying an egg, overt menstruation is the rule, aside from a sterile hybrid such as the mule.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod> "f = families mentioned in a menstruation sentence / non-monotreme mammal families. Pass at f >= 0.90 and n >= 20. Refute at f < 0.50. Otherwise mixed, or underpowered if n < 20.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion> "The denominator is families in AnAge (dataset.zip) whose class is Mammalia and whose order is not Monotremata. The mule is not a family and is not added. A family is positive only if a checksummed paper sentence that contains 'menstruat' or 'menses' also contains that family's AnAge name, its order name, or the binomial of one of its AnAge species. Let n be the number of families and f the positive fraction. The claim passes if n >= 20 and f >= 0.90.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered> "false"^^xsd:boolean .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ga01-29> <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment>
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test> .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test--dataset-1>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "Family list of Mammalia except Monotremata";
dc:license "CC BY 3.0, as stated on https://genomics.senescence.info/legal.html (retrieved for aristotle-ha05-19 at 2026-11-02T04:44:07Z, sha256 708d25e725b8cb3625e0a5c03062bbb044985bea283af2d14433739dea9f8690)";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: AnAge species dataset";
prov:atLocation <https://genomics.senescence.info/species/dataset.zip>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://genomics.senescence.info/species/index.html>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:e3ddb66e32e973a79932859ba53013e8f60d957c6ec01c6eb573e3ea3018d630" .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test--dataset-2>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "Sentences containing menstruat or menses supply the positive families";
dc:license "CC BY-NC 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Catalini and Fedder, Characteristics of the endometrium in menstruating species, Biology of Reproduction 2020";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC7253787/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC7253787>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:9876e749d45d8da89d9fb467c5e51fcc90f2b25bfc90113db8a5c0dbea9f1127" .
}
sub:provenance {
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<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; cursor/aristotle-life-history-g-a908)";
prov:actedOnBehalfOf <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
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dc:identifier "Grok 4.7" .
sub:assertion prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga01-29/result.json>;
prov:wasGeneratedBy sub:test .
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sub:test a prov:Activity;
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prov:wasAssociatedWith <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7> .
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this: dc:created "2026-11-08T16:24:31.731Z"^^xsd:dateTime;
dc:creator <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
dc:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>;
npx:hasNanopubType <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
npx:introduces <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga01-29--claim-test>;
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-ga01-29: refutes, confidence 0.8";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology> .
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