https://w3id.org/np/RAAkkcAflw4AlHyyClOk2sjHU7UArhlzehtY51nEADjfw
.trig | .trig.txt | .jelly | .jelly.txt | .jsonld | .jsonld.txt | .nq | .nq.txt | .xml | .xml.txt
@prefix this: <https://w3id.org/np/RAAkkcAflw4AlHyyClOk2sjHU7UArhlzehtY51nEADjfw> .
@prefix sub: <https://w3id.org/np/RAAkkcAflw4AlHyyClOk2sjHU7UArhlzehtY51nEADjfw/> .
@prefix np: <http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#> .
@prefix rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> .
@prefix prov: <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> .
@prefix npx: <http://purl.org/nanopub/x/> .
@prefix dc: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .
sub:Head {
this: a np:Nanopublication;
np:hasAssertion sub:assertion;
np:hasProvenance sub:provenance;
np:hasPublicationInfo sub:pubinfo .
}
sub:assertion {
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test> a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
dc:description "Read the 102-column header of FishBase v24.07 species.csv. The only columns matching lung, gill, respirat or airbreath as whole tokens are AirBreathing and AirBreathingRef. An air-breathing flag cannot decide whether a fish has a lung, so those columns were not scored. MGillnets contains the letters gill but is a gear field and was not treated as a gill organ. Europe PMC was then searched with 'fishes lungs gills presence' and OPEN_ACCESS:Y, pageSize 25. 24 full texts were opened (one hit had no PMCID, out of 277 hits). No table header contains lung together with fish or gill. The cooling clause is untested.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "Measured: null fish rows coded with a lung (n = 0, no lung column in FishBase species.csv and no lung table in the 25-hit window). Interpretation: The sentence under test has a functional clause (cooling by air or water is necessary) and an anatomical consequence (fishes have gills and never a lung). Only the anatomical consequence is operationalized here. 'Never' is a universal over fishes scored for lung presence, with a denominator. A lung is the organ named lung in the table, not an air-breathing organ and not a swim bladder, which would be a modern reinterpretation. The cooling clause stays untested and is reported as such.";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-pa03-19: inconclusive, confidence 0.86";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso> <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa03-19/result.json>;
prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets> "A species or family table with an explicit lung field, from FishBase or a checksummed open-access paper table. Air-breathing flags, swim-bladder flags and taxonomic names are not lung codes.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType> "claim-test/0.1.0";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind> "none";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation> "At least one fish row is coded as having a lung.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst> "Air-breathing is not a lung. The FishBase air-breathing columns are recorded and not scored.",
"No table in the first 25 open-access hits has a header that states lung and fish or gill. A later hit was not opened.",
"The cooling-function clause is untested. It does not supply an anatomical verdict.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation> "In a table that scores lungs for at least 50 fish species, zero fishes have a lung, and gills are present for at least 95 percent when gills are scored.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion> "Refutes if n_with_lung >= 1 among fishes in an admissible table. Inconclusive, reason not-operationalizable, if the only respiratory flag is air-breathing or swim-bladder and no cell states a lung. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if no table is fetched. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if a lung column exists, n_with_lung == 0 and n_scored_for_lung < 50. Family names are not used as a proxy for having a lung.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence> "0.86"^^xsd:double;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-1>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-2>,
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-3>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict> "inconclusive";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis> "If the anatomical clause holds, scored fishes have gills and none of them has a lung. The cooling-function clause is not decided by organ presence.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod> "n_with_lung compared with zero, with denominator n_scored_for_lung. One positive lung code refutes. Support requires a denominator of at least 50 and zero lungs. The cooling-function clause is reported untested and is not averaged into the anatomical count.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion> "A fish species counts as having a lung only when a fetched table has a lung column coded present/yes/lung, or a respiratory-organ column whose cell states lung, and the same row is a fish (class or habitat fish, or a fish order). Air-breathing without the word lung does not count, and a swim bladder does not count. Gills count when a gill column is coded present. Supports if n_scored_for_lung >= 50, n_with_lung == 0, and, when a gill column exists, the fraction with gills is >= 0.95. Sources, in order: a FishBase v24.07 column whose header matches lung, gill, respirat or airbreath (airbreath alone cannot support or refute the lung clause); if no lung column, the first Europe PMC open-access table from the query 'fishes lungs gills presence', pageSize 25, whose header contains lung and (fish or gill). The cooling claim (blooded animals must be cooled from outside, and water cooling is why fishes lack lungs) is marked untested unless the table itself reports a heat-exchange measurement. An untested cooling clause does not change an anatomical verdict.";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered> "false"^^xsd:boolean .
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<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test> .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-1>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "header check for a lung, gill, respiratory or air-breathing column";
dc:license "cc-by-nc-4.0";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: FishBase species table v24.07";
prov:atLocation <https://huggingface.co/datasets/cboettig/fishbase/raw/main/README.md>,
<https://huggingface.co/datasets/cboettig/fishbase/resolve/main/data/fb/v24.07/csv/species.csv>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://huggingface.co/datasets/cboettig/fishbase>;
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"sha256:ee1088efa629eb16a7305031f97856c2ea1a75796d7e8a42749ba4e3d5c2b7fe" .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-2>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "first 25 open-access hits after FishBase had no lung column";
dc:license "not stated in the Europe PMC search record";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Europe PMC search: fishes lungs gills presence";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=fishes+lungs+gills+presence+OPEN_ACCESS%3AY&format=json&pageSize=25&resultType=core>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://europepmc.org/>;
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<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test--dataset-3>
a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem>;
dc:description "table headers scanned for lung and fish or gill";
dc:license "article licences are on the individual search hits; the search record does not state one licence for the set";
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Dataset: Full texts opened for the fish lung and gill search";
prov:atLocation <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10082155/fullTextXML>,
<https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10607021/fullTextXML>, <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC10628658/fullTextXML>,
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<https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13489515/fullTextXML>, <https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13709722/fullTextXML>,
<https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/PMC13714305/fullTextXML>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://europepmc.org/>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum> "sha256:144d311c95efcdfa2823e472db3538da7a4e524d257e341aeff43c1bf36b3870",
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}
sub:provenance {
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7> a prov:SoftwareAgent;
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; cursor/aristotle-breeding-f-77ba)";
prov:actedOnBehalfOf <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/usesModel> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7> .
<https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7> a <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/LanguageModel>;
dc:identifier "Grok 4.7" .
sub:assertion prov:wasAttributedTo <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7>;
prov:wasDerivedFrom <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa03-19/result.json>;
prov:wasGeneratedBy sub:test .
sub:plan prov:hadPlan <https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/README.md> .
sub:test a prov:Activity;
prov:qualifiedAssociation sub:plan;
prov:wasAssociatedWith <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7> .
}
sub:pubinfo {
this: dc:created "2026-11-08T16:24:31.794Z"^^xsd:dateTime;
dc:creator <https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192>;
dc:license <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/>;
npx:hasNanopubType <https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment>;
npx:introduces <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-19--claim-test>;
<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "Claim test of aristotle-pa03-19: inconclusive, confidence 0.86";
<https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain> <https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology> .
sub:sig npx:hasAlgorithm "RSA";
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