https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAzPpaa7F4CpvVycgCz7umsjgEJPU7qxKfrV_lcLnuOPU/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Fetched the three registered files and hashed them. For each Spirula series an algebraic circle was fit to the first six external landmarks and held fixed. The median absolute coordinate was 912.875, so the pole is the circle branch of the pre-registered rule. Polar angle is the unwrapped atan2 about that centre. For each ammonoid species the outer radius is dm/2 and the inner radius is (UWI*dm)/2; theta is the whorl label times 2 pi. Each margin was fit by r = a exp(k theta) and by r = a + b theta, and RMSE was compared on the r scale. q is the ratio of the two mean radii on steps with delta theta greater than 0.05 rad. Alpha is arccot(k) in degrees, or 90 degrees when |k| < 0.02. Group thresholds were applied as registered. Spirula is under the minimum of 20 series, so the claim verdict is the ammonoid group verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.4145 median within-species coefficient of variation of the outer-to-inner radius ratio q, ammonoids (n = 179, 10th–90th percentiles of cv_q [0.18, 0.24, 0.4145, 0.6956, 1.0368]). Interpretation: Thompson's text (the quadrilateral construction that follows the quoted sentence) says the outer edge grows faster than the inner by a constant factor and that each edge becomes an equiangular spiral of one and the same angle, the circle (right angle, no radial expansion) and the straight line being limits. The ratio that fixes the angle is d ln r / d theta on a margin; the outer-to-inner ratio q is the constant relative velocity of the two edges. Both are measured. Spirula landmarks are the dorsal septal attachment and the ventral siphuncular intersection (Hoffmann et al. 2021, Journal of Molluscan Studies 87, eyab001). Ammonoid inner and outer radii are the published umbilical and conch radii about the coiling axis. No measurement file was opened before this registration. File listings, licences and byte sizes were read from the figshare and Zenodo APIs on 2026-11-02 UTC. Gastropod sections (Collins et al. 2021) and horns were not planned: the gastropod coordinates sit in a 521 MB archive, and no open horn growth-line table was found. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of thompson1917-ch11-03: mixed, confidence 0.62 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/thompson-growth-form/thompson1917-ch11-03/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Openly licensed coordinates of the outer and inner margins of the same tubular shell through ontogeny, measured independently of Thompson's plates, with a coiling pole that is either the published protoconch centre or the coiling axis already used to define conch diameter. Horns and gastropod aperture outlines are in scope but are not in the planned files. Meshes that require an account are not admissible. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation A margin whose radius grows linearly in angle much better than exponentially, a growth-rate ratio that drifts by half its mean or more, or outer and inner angles that differ by 15 degrees or more. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Ammonoid outer margins are log-adequate in all 179 species (median RMSE 0.2116 for the logarithmic fit and 1.4271 for the Archimedean fit). Inner margins are log-adequate in 0.6313, between the 0.50 fail line and the 0.80 pass line. The fraction of inner fits with logarithmic RMSE more than 1.05 times the Archimedean RMSE is 0.3687. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Horns and gastropod aperture outlines are in the claim's scope and were not in the planned files. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Median CV of q is 0.4145, between 0.25 and 0.50. The fraction of species with CV at most 0.25 is 0.2737; the fraction with CV at least 0.50 is 0.3911. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Median absolute alpha difference is 1.2469 degrees (median alphas 85.542 and 86.863). The fraction within 5 degrees is 0.9721; the fraction at or above 15 degrees is 0.0. Median k is 0.07797 outside and 0.054811 inside, ratio 0.709917. Near 90 degrees a difference in k is a small difference in alpha. Alpha in degrees is the registered angle statistic; the k ratio is descriptive. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Spirula has 13 qualifying series, below the pre-registered minimum of 20, so that group is inconclusive (underpowered) and does not decide the claim. Descriptively both margins are log-adequate in every series, median CV of q is 0.1476, and the median absolute angle difference is 0.7158 degrees (median alphas 79.408 and 80.535). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The t and theta columns in the Spirula files were not used as the pole. The registered pole is the circle fit to x and y. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Two of those 13 ids end in p. The other 11 give median CV 0.1474 and median absolute angle difference 0.7568 degrees. That subset is still under 20 and was not used as the group score. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation On median sections of tubular shells, the ratio of outer-margin to inner-margin arc increments stays approximately constant, both margins are fitted at least as well by a logarithmic spiral as by an Archimedean spiral, and the two margins have the same constant angle. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. The claim is refuted if either group has a logarithmic-adequate fraction below 50% on either margin, or a median CV of q of at least 0.50, or a median absolute alpha difference of at least 15 degrees. A group that meets neither the pass nor the fail thresholds is mixed. If a group has fewer than 20 qualifying series the group is inconclusive (underpowered). If a file cannot be downloaded the group is inconclusive (data-unavailable). The claim is refuted if either group is refuted. If one group is inconclusive and the other is not, the verdict follows the scored group. Otherwise, when neither group is refuted and they are not both supportive, the verdict is mixed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.62 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict mixed https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If a tubular shell keeps a constant ratio between the growth rates of its outer and inner margins, both margins are equiangular (logarithmic) spirals about one pole, including the circle as the limiting case of no radial expansion, and the two margins share the same constant angle. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Least-squares logarithmic versus Archimedean fits on the radius scale, the coefficient of variation of the outer-to-inner increment ratio, and the difference of the two arccotangents of d ln r / d theta. Thresholds are those in pass_criterion and fail_criterion. The identity alpha = arccot(d ln r / d theta) is Thompson's definition and is not a separate empirical result. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Two groups are scored separately and both must pass. Group S: Spirula spirula specimens in Hoffmann, Weinkauf, Fuchs and Lukeneder (figshare 10.6084/m9.figshare.12006366), using the external (dorsal wall) and internal (ventral siphuncle) septal landmarks. Group A: ammonoid species in Walton and Korn (Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.4937032), with outer radius dm/2 and inner radius (UWI*dm)/2 at successive half-whorls. A series qualifies with at least 10 paired septa (S) or 6 half-whorl stations (A), outer radius greater than inner radius, both positive. The pole for S is the coordinate origin if the median absolute coordinate is below 5, otherwise the algebraic circle fitted to the first six external points and then held fixed. Theta for A is the half-whorl index times pi. For each margin fit r = a exp(k theta) and r = a + b theta by least squares and compare root-mean-square error on the r scale. The per-step ratio q = (delta theta * (r_outer + r_outer_next) / 2) / (delta theta * (r_inner + r_inner_next) / 2), using steps with delta theta > 0.05 rad. Alpha = arccot(k) in degrees, and alpha = 90 when |k| < 0.02. A group supports the claim when at least 20 series qualify, the logarithmic model has RMSE at most 1.05 times the Archimedean RMSE on both margins in at least 80% of series, the median within-series coefficient of variation of q is at most 0.25, and the median absolute difference of the two margins' alphas is at most 5 degrees. The claim is supported only if both groups support it. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/thompson1917-ch11-03 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description External (dorsal wall) and internal (ventral siphuncle) septal landmarks of Spirula spirula, x and y only https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC BY 4.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Spirula morphometric data https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/22534694 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/22534697 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Spirula_morphometric_data/12006366 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:32b8bb5dfb371235f4e91c8f9fca22a4bb925dad7412f74a8df58737cbddcac7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:764e7e0e657484665d44904b78179f6796473a22020124186cc509332322dec6 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-03--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Ontogenetic dm and UWI at successive whorl stations for ammonoid species. 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