https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Matched the vernacular common kingfisher in GBIF and did not substitute the separate Halcyon match. Counted occurrences of that species by month only when reproductiveCondition was breeding or lifeStage was Egg. A month is a breeding month at five or more such records. Unfiltered occurrences were not counted. The BIRDBASE paper was fetched only to see whether its trait list names a breeding month; it does not supply the contrast denominator. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 December breeding-flagged occurrence records (n = 0). Interpretation: The sentence scored is that the halcyon breeds at the winter solstice, unlike nearly all other birds, which breed in spring and early summer. Winter solstice is December. Spring and early summer are March through June. The focal species is taken from the GBIF vernacular match, not from memory. Halcyon as a genus name is recorded and is not substituted for that match. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha05-11: inconclusive, confidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha05-11/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A species-level breeding-month table, or GBIF occurrences restricted to a breeding flag or an early life stage. Raw month counts of adults, and museum-title counts, are not breeding. A trait dictionary that lists no breeding-month column documents that the variable is absent. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind none https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation The matched kingfisher's breeding records or season exclude December, or fewer than half of the other species show the spring pattern. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A breeding-flagged occurrence is not a nest record scheme. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst GBIF lifeStage values are unevenly filled, so a small count can mean the field is unused rather than that the bird does not breed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The contrast with nearly all other birds needs a species-level table. Record counts for one species are not that denominator. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation The matched kingfisher breeds in December, and at least 80 percent of other species in the same table breed in March-June and not in December. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refute if the focal species has at least 20 breeding-flagged records, or a species-level season, and December is not among its breeding months. Also refute the contrast if a species-level table has at least 30 other species and under 50 percent of them are March-June breeders that do not breed in December. If December is a breeding month but no species-level denominator exists, the contrast is untested and the verdict is inconclusive with reason other. If the focal season cannot be fetched, or a table's columns lack breeding month, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. Unfiltered occurrence counts are not breeding. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis The kingfisher species returned by a fetched vernacular match breeds in December, and at least 80 percent of other birds in the same breeding-month table breed in March through June and not in December. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod December membership for the focal species, then the fraction of other species. Thresholds 80 percent to support the contrast and 50 percent to refute it. n under 30 other species leaves the contrast untested. No focal season is data-unavailable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. The focal species is the species-rank GBIF match for the vernacular common kingfisher. A month is a breeding month only if a species-level table says so, or if GBIF returns at least 5 occurrences of that species in that month with reproductiveCondition containing breed, egg, nest or incubat, or lifeStage egg, nestling or chick. Supports only if December is a breeding month for the focal species and, in a species-level table, at least 80 percent of other species with a season intersect March-June and do not intersect December, with at least 30 other species. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha05-11 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description identify the focal species from the vernacular, and record the separate Halcyon match https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license GBIF species records; occurrence licenses stay with each dataset https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: GBIF species match for common kingfisher https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Halcyon&verbose=true https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=common%20kingfisher&verbose=true https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://www.gbif.org/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:abef30dfdd8bef99060e893038f6aa1025befb0e672e44002e3572c4022f136b https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:e3959cea907422ac9d529718590dd0512ff3b0f13f3a0f19f08c822843716fa2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description whether the published trait list names a breeding month https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: BIRDBASE trait-dictionary article https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-05615-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-025-05615-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:7b34f4fa8ed860a8d57802728f71af80fbf79451630bcf8a27e60c835bc96028 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (grok-4.7; cursor/aristotle-life-history-l-ce92) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#actedOnBehalfOf https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/usesModel https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier grok-4.7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/LanguageModel https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha05-11/result.json https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/test https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/plan http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPlan https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/README.md https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/plan https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-11-08T16:24:31.762Z https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasNanopubType https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-11--claim-test https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha05-11: inconclusive, confidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyFHtPB6p0mCjDozxlOY9CmO3nBm7Te3jFbXyLmM+G1tGe47Da0jYIbhkl9Oo1ZjxmCa3LCwlEqK8gj6hEIcL4ahW30JXh9HycfKVk1bugkzMEV15tJdTzAU3sGMFnbNsn43xY2LFLy45tApkRm5byEiM7oRRrooIdwoQKnP4Wzq/bfAoJ9qvW+MGkelyOTd1jbSt+KfmT7xKmDfWzAHddUlWwMX2QJOLxDaffOteTop6ZRgPiNmPJKA/S62Gac9XtSYT3oDkZ6/nr5cxxNLpOyxTf5FPISiCe11xYO/unYjY+mwnOfA8yhJIyx1l0O9I0vpOpn+E5TvyHJV+oSTrvwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature PyZivfUyfi2ACSlPfOcPae/DL2wOF6qO+fsCInGDPrfYUSY1LwyXSCd7NQRXsQyedRQGfdObHx+Z/ZZVD+OY2fMeloKbpW+9yUnV2zMXomyFufOdSKvQenVTj41EGRDECdPwz+8hEpR7IZZRkzTxuG2XniTcxD2eZYcFqqoy9CwxEOe9JBfQu9KzqmI63v4BUzfqcAgunTT/qoqPwQCJe2uWlU6aDTKW9hT+siVhb/3nHWN0f9fbdgX5/G0RkfZY2C91JgAW98aanjdZMcT2oGuf8ihCIPojOmnp+afaSmfA6LJ1QVjtDcMbLsMMnlfIkGJZm4qeoM8UMhqYid6wHQ== https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4 https://w3id.org/np/RAwgzlthuLPH8U0vjc9g_-J2Jgw_TzzcL1U5jNzDB2VU4/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192