[ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/pubinfo", "@graph": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI", "http://purl.org/dc/terms/created": [ { "@value": "2026-11-08T16:24:31.734Z", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime" } ], "http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192" } ], "http://purl.org/dc/terms/license": [ { "@id": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasNanopubType": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-16--claim-test" } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Claim test of aristotle-ga02-16: supports, confidence 0.65" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/sig", "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm": [ { "@value": "RSA" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey": [ { "@value": "MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyFHtPB6p0mCjDozxlOY9CmO3nBm7Te3jFbXyLmM+G1tGe47Da0jYIbhkl9Oo1ZjxmCa3LCwlEqK8gj6hEIcL4ahW30JXh9HycfKVk1bugkzMEV15tJdTzAU3sGMFnbNsn43xY2LFLy45tApkRm5byEiM7oRRrooIdwoQKnP4Wzq/bfAoJ9qvW+MGkelyOTd1jbSt+KfmT7xKmDfWzAHddUlWwMX2QJOLxDaffOteTop6ZRgPiNmPJKA/S62Gac9XtSYT3oDkZ6/nr5cxxNLpOyxTf5FPISiCe11xYO/unYjY+mwnOfA8yhJIyx1l0O9I0vpOpn+E5TvyHJV+oSTrvwIDAQAB" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature": [ { "@value": "sGZcCQs+EKTdUiCis731XVi7m8n++JdAdzr8d7Zndls0fHyhwhZwsidVPkMmgQPop7n5AHTlvP4qA3P8v0tSSROCeWsiTFIE0yIsaW5wyA4XjRGBqgyCvMt7D/6X6kQzCf6Jx6NFCZBdT0eWQFrPV8tiTFx6+1hfGvU9nBaZDC9cMMdNzMmw5hnR3ndNsV+P5rjdjH9fHAQKitgHZYKymoC9zSOpS485Kv0xiAquatzdkHAAFVbVChGUAS8srOqiUSyvv3JEa6d1bL4wpmXhhUFy+K4ClzBnCpXZRSUm2xbEOcmXt0dU9osmqK3DX5u0o5oHuJZfUU5Y8L9kHwlROQ==" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI" } ], "http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192" } ] } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/provenance", "@graph": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7", "@type": [ "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent" ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "delphisci claim tester (grok-4.7; bc-37abdfd5-2c7d-45b6-8f26-227da55194a4)" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#actedOnBehalfOf": [ { "@id": "https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/usesModel": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7", "http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier": [ { "@value": "grok-4.7" } ], "@type": [ "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/LanguageModel" ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/assertion", "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom": [ { "@id": "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga02-16/result.json" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/test" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/test", "@type": [ "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity" ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/plan" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/plan", "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPlan": [ { "@id": "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/README.md" } ] } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/Head", "@graph": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI", "http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/assertion" } ], "http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/provenance" } ], "http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/pubinfo" } ], "@type": [ "http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication" ] } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/np/RAwfbqzmmT-ENSMaj8zdGiBez-koLouGxBq8elMCEaCtI/assertion", "@graph": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-16--claim-test", "http://purl.org/dc/terms/description": [ { "@value": "Downloaded Sharkipedia-Traits-v1.0, checked md5 and byte size against the Zenodo record, kept rows whose trait_name is Reproductive mode, classified each value with the preregistered substrings (aplacental before placent), and collapsed to one class per species with placental priority." } ], "@type": [ "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment" ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": [ { "@value": "Measured: 2 species with a placental reproductive-mode record (n = 15). Interpretation: Aristotle's 'connection with the uterus' so that the egg is not set free is read as placental viviparity (yolk-sac placenta), the mode named in the claim's scope for smooth dogfish. Histotrophy and trophonemata are uterine nutrition without a placenta and are scored separately; they do not by themselves support the claim, and they block a refutation. Oophagy is not a uterine-tissue connection and stays ambiguous. Lecithotrophic and aplacental viviparity retain the embryo on yolk and are the contrasting mode, not a confirmation. The test is existential ('some'), so one placental species supports it and a small sample with no placental species does not refute it." } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Claim test of aristotle-ga02-16: supports, confidence 0.65" } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso": [ { "@id": "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga02-16/result.json" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets": [ { "@value": "An openly licensed, species-level trait table of sharks and rays, compiled independently of Aristotle's text, that records reproductive mode in a named field. Narrative species pages are not a substitute for that field." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType": [ { "@value": "claim-test/0.1.0" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind": [ { "@value": "biological" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation": [ { "@value": "A broad sample of at least 30 species with reproductive-mode records contains no placental mode and no other uterine nutrient connection (histotrophy or trophonemata), only oviparity or yolk-only viviparity." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst": [ { "@value": "Before this registration a web-search snippet of the Sharkipedia reproductive-mode page displayed the category Placentotrophy beside two Carcharhinus names. No species count was computed, and the pass rule is the existential rule in the claim rather than a threshold fit to a count." }, { "@value": "Provider file size and md5 are from the Zenodo record API, not from a local copy of the table." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation": [ { "@value": "At least one cartilaginous-fish species in the trait table has a reproductive mode whose value is placental or placentotrophic, the modern name for completing development by a yolk-sac connection to the uterus so the egg is not laid." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion": [ { "@value": "Pre-registered. The claim is refuted only if at least 30 species have a Reproductive mode value and none are placental, none are uterine-but-not-placental (value contains 'histotroph', 'trophonema', or 'trophonemata'), and none are ambiguous: every species falls in the negative class (value contains 'ovipar', 'egg-lay', 'egg lay', 'lecithotroph', or 'aplacental'). Confidence 0.55. If placental species are absent but at least one species is uterine-but-not-placental, the verdict is mixed (confidence 0.50). If the reproductive-mode column cannot be found, the provider checksum does not match, or fewer than 30 species are coded and none are placental, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable or underpowered (confidence 0.40)." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence": [ { "@value": "0.65", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga02-16--claim-test--dataset-1" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict": [ { "@value": "supports" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis": [ { "@value": "If some cartilaginous fishes finish development by a uterine connection after the yolk is used, and therefore do not release the egg, Sharkipedia reproductive-mode records include at least one shark or ray species coded as placental or placentotrophic." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod": [ { "@value": "Classify each Reproductive mode value with the fixed substrings in pass_criterion and fail_criterion. Collapse to species by giving placental priority over uterine-nonplacental, then ambiguous, then negative. Apply the thresholds in rules." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion": [ { "@value": "Pre-registered. A species is placental if any Reproductive mode value, after case-folding, contains 'placent' and does not contain 'aplacental' (checked first, because 'aplacental' contains the letters of 'placent'). The claim is supported if at least one species is placental. Confidence is 0.80 if at least five species are placental, and 0.65 if one to four are." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered": [ { "@value": "false", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga02-16--claim-test--dataset-1", "http://purl.org/dc/terms/description": [ { "@value": "reproductive mode of sharks and rays" } ], "http://purl.org/dc/terms/license": [ { "@value": "CC BY 4.0" } ], "@type": [ "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem" ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Dataset: Sharkipedia traits v1.0 (22 Jan 2025 export)" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation": [ { "@id": "https://zenodo.org/api/records/6656525/files/Sharkipedia-Traits-v1.0-22-01-25.csv/content" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom": [ { "@id": "https://zenodo.org/records/6656525" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum": [ { "@value": "sha256:7b2dc405e7fb9fa69ba8c908a77fcc09cf8724b296a546b86c223996f8308718" } ] }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ga02-16", "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-16--claim-test" } ] } ] } ]