https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAosga0z0tcbrgIigD1cHSitAiMhh6n6ZzKqDSmleyE9I/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description analysis.py requests the Smithsonian repository PDF (https://repository.si.edu/bitstreams/0fba5f47-1c99-4ba6-942c-cb438ea3f6c2/download). The response is HTTP 403, content type 'text/html; charset=UTF-8', 24681 bytes, and the body does not begin with a PDF header. Europe PMC for DOI 10.1093/icb/44.5.333 reports isOpenAccess 'N' and pmcid None, with no open pdf or html full-text URL. No testis-type count is read from the error page. The seasonal milt-duct clause is unmeasured. The following sentence, on birds and footed egg-layers, is not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: null fish species scored with a testis type. Interpretation: The full sentence scored is: 'Now neither fishes nor any animals devoid of feet are furnished with testicles, but male serpents and male fishes have a pair of ducts which fill with milt or sperm at the rutting season, and discharge, in all cases, a milk-like juice.' Footless animals in this sentence are the animals just named as devoid of feet, with serpents the explicit case. Fishes are bony fishes as far as the planned table reaches; cartilaginous fishes are inside the claim's 'fishes' but are not added from another source after the table is seen. Aristotle's contrast between a testicle and a milt duct is the terminology caveat: the verdict uses the paper's naming of the organ as a testis. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha05-04: inconclusive, confidence 0.88 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha05-04/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets One checksummed paper whose table records male gonad anatomy for fishes, published independently of Aristotle, with a stable URL. The planned file is the Smithsonian repository PDF of Parenti and Grier, Integrative and Comparative Biology 44:333-348 (2004), DOI 10.1093/icb/44.5.333, download https://repository.si.edu/bitstreams/0fba5f47-1c99-4ba6-942c-cb438ea3f6c2/download. No second dataset may be added after the text is read. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind none https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation At least ten fish species are scored as having a testis, and none are scored as having only a milt duct in place of a testis. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A closed copy of the same article, if read from memory or from a search snippet, is not a fetched table and is not used. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst No second paper was substituted after the PDF failed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The repository returned an error page. That page is checksummed and is not an anatomical table. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation A species-level gonad table scores fishes and snakes as lacking testes and as having paired ducts that fill with milt in the breeding season. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refutes if the file records a testis type for at least 10 fish species and records zero fish species as having only ducts and no testis. That refutes the universal negative 'neither fishes nor any footless animals have testicles', whether or not snakes are in the file. The seasonal duct clause, if the file has no such count, is reported as unmeasured and does not cancel that refutation. Mixed if at least 10 fish species have testes and the file also states that those same organs are only ducts. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if the PDF cannot be retrieved or its text layer does not contain a species count of testis types. Inconclusive, reason not-operationalizable, is not used: the paper's word testis is the operational mapping, and the terminology caveat is recorded rather than treated as a bar to scoring. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.88 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the sentence holds, male fishes and footless animals lack testicles, and male serpents and male fishes instead have a pair of ducts that fill with milt in the breeding season. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Extract the paper's stated count of osteichthyan species for which a testis type was recorded, and any explicit count of species said to lack a testis or to have only ducts. Refute the universal negative when the testis-type count is at least 10 and the duct-only count is 0. The seasonal-fill clause is scored only from a numeric statement in the same file. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered before any data file for this claim was downloaded. The source is the Parenti and Grier 2004 paper PDF (testis types of osteichthyans). 'Testicle' is mapped to an organ the paper names testis or testes. 'Ducts instead of testicles' is mapped only to an explicit statement that the male gonad is a duct and not a testis. The absence clause passes only if the paper scores at least 20 fish species and at least 5 snake or other footless species as lacking testes. The milt-duct clause passes only if the same file gives a count of paired ducts that fill at the breeding season for both fishes and serpents. The claim passes only if both clauses pass. 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