https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAnnepzdhDapeoUp58wSUM5aMLechdILnzkfdUJ7vQDIk/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description analysis.py downloads the Dryad Study 1 workbook (27 species with both sexes positive) and the two cattle PDFs. Female F0 is higher in 20 of 27 species. The human female-to-male ratio is 1.947649. Cow low-frequency F0 is 81.17 Hz. Bull bellow f01mean, total column, is 106.4 Hz. The bugle g0 is not used. Generally is at least 70 percent. Most plainly in man requires the human ratio to be strictly the largest. The cattle exception holds when the cow low-frequency call is below the bull bellow. All three are required to pass. Disagreement is mixed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.740741 fraction of anthropoid species with female F0 above male F0 (n = 27, one published mean per sex per species; cattle means are from two separate studies). Interpretation: The quote says the female voice is higher than the male's in the other kinds of animals, especially in man, but in cattle the cow's voice is deeper than the bull's. Higher and deeper are fundamental frequency. Call type is held to the low-frequency voice on both sides of the cattle comparison so that a bull bugle is not set against a cow contact call. Humans are Homo sapiens rows in the anthropoid table. Cattle are Bos taurus cows and bulls in the two acoustic papers. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga05-19: mixed, confidence 0.74 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga05-19/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Puts, Hill and colleagues, Dryad 10.5061/dryad.r0160, the Study 1 workbook of male and female F0. Padilla de la Torre and colleagues, the open PDF of cow and calf contact calls at https://ecology.nottingham.ac.uk/tomreader/assets/pdf/Padilla%20de%20la%20Torre-mother-offspring%20contact%20calls%20cattle-2015.pdf. Volodin and colleagues, the open PDF at http://www.bioacoustica.org/publ/papers/237_Volodin_et_al_2017_Bioacoustics_with_Suppl.pdf. No recording archive is added later. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Females are higher in under half the species, or humans are not the most dimorphic species in the table, and the cow's low-frequency F0 is not below the bull's bellow. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Calf calls are not the cow's voice. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Cow and bull means come from different studies, both of adult Bos taurus low-frequency calls. They are not a paired recording. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The bull bugle, near 500 Hz and above, is a different call and is excluded by the pre-registration. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The cattle PDFs state publisher copyright. The Dryad licence is the API field. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The denominator of 'generally' is the anthropoid table, not every animal kind. That limit is a caveat of the dataset. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Female F0 is above male F0 in at least 70 percent of anthropoid species, the human ratio is the largest, and cow low-frequency F0 is below bull bellow F0. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refutes if fewer than half the anthropoid species have a higher female F0, or the human ratio is not the strict maximum, and the cattle exception also fails. Mixed if the anthropoid pair of rules and the cattle exception disagree. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if fewer than 10 anthropoid species have both sexes. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if either file lacks the named F0 columns or the cattle low-frequency numbers cannot be parsed, because the sentence is a general rule plus one named exception and neither half may be dropped. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.74 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict mixed https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, female fundamental frequency exceeds male fundamental frequency in at least 70 percent of measured species and is most extreme in humans, while the cow's low-frequency voice is lower than the bull's low-frequency bellow. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Species are one row each. The anthropoid percentage uses the 70 percent and 50 percent thresholds. The human ratio must be strictly maximal. Cattle uses the low-frequency means only. All three conditions are required to pass; disagreement is mixed; a missing number is data-unavailable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered before either acoustic file was downloaded. In the anthropoid table, a species counts if it has one male and one female fundamental frequency, both positive. The female is higher when female F0 exceeds male F0. 'Generally' means at least 70 percent of those species. 'Most plainly in man' means the human female-to-male F0 ratio is strictly greater than every other species in the table. The cattle exception uses the cow's low-frequency contact call and the bull's low-frequency bellow, not the bull's high bugle and not a calf call. The cow is deeper when that cow F0 is lower than that bull bellow F0. The claim passes only if the 70 percent rule, the human-maximum rule, and the cattle exception all hold. The denominator of 'generally' is the species in the anthropoid table, and that limit is a caveat, not a reason to drop the rule. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ga05-19 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description male and female mean F0 for anthropoid species https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Puts and colleagues, sexual selection on male vocal fundamental frequency, Study 1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/api/v2/datasets/doi%3A10.5061%2Fdryad.r0160 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/downloads/file_stream/29207 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r0160 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:5e9826cb607fafc601fdd88be411b659a82b7336ad973d525b07613cb60759b0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:b01037d48a0c48bad45800a91d1d62e0cbc7f95e339a1970dfba99e43500541f https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description cow low-frequency contact-call fundamental frequency https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Padilla de la Torre, Briefer, Reader and McElligott, cow and calf contact calls https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://ecology.nottingham.ac.uk/tomreader/assets/pdf/Padilla%20de%20la%20Torre-mother-offspring%20contact%20calls%20cattle-2015.pdf https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://ecology.nottingham.ac.uk/tomreader/assets/pdf/Padilla%20de%20la%20Torre-mother-offspring%20contact%20calls%20cattle-2015.pdf https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:cf266a0add2b2336b3c001f183d5da3291474a1d1df041dc2416c9473c9da67e https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga05-19--claim-test--dataset-3 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description bull low-frequency bellow mean fundamental frequency; 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