https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAnFdiyd_9tAo1l9PjOK4D8KZG9n7Lxj50fFixZgysHSQ/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded AnAge and parsed Litter/Clutch size for Cuculus canorus and for every other bird species. Few means at most 4 and strictly below the median of the others. Downloaded the Morelli Dryad CSV and scored Cuculus canorus by a host count above zero, or by a parasitism field that is not an explicit negative. The cold-nature clause was not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: null AnAge litter or clutch size of Cuculus canorus (n = 590, median of other bird species with a parsed clutch size). Interpretation: The common cuckoo is Cuculus canorus. 'Lays few eggs' is the size of a clutch, the AnAge litter/clutch-size field, not the number of eggs a female deposits across a whole season in many nests. Few means at most four eggs and below the median bird in the same table. 'Lays them in the nests of others' is a recorded host count above zero, or an explicit parasitic status, in the Morelli Cuculidae table. Aristotle's cold nature and cowardice are a separate causal clause and are not measured. Birds of prey are the rhetorical contrast in the quote; the numeric contrast used here is the median of other birds, which does not require a raptor list. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga03-04: inconclusive, confidence 0.55 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga03-04/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A public species-level clutch-size table that includes Cuculus canorus and a denominator of other bird species, and a public species-level table that records brood-parasitic behaviour or host counts for cuckoos. Both must be downloadable files with checksums. Narrative species accounts are not used for the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Its AnAge clutch size is above 4 or at least the median of other birds, or the Morelli row records it as non-parasitic or as having no hosts. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A clutch of one egg in a host nest can coexist with a large seasonal fecundity. This test scores the clutch field only, and says so. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst AnAge and the Morelli CSV were not opened before this registration. The Morelli file name, size 7559 bytes, and API id 60545 come from the Dryad API listing, not from the rows. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Aristotle's cold nature and cowardice were not assigned a measurement. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Cuculus canorus has a clutch size of at most 4 and below the median of other birds in AnAge, and the Morelli cuckoo table records it as using other species as hosts. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refutes if both clauses are measured and both fail: the cuckoo clutch is above 4 or is greater than or equal to m, and the Morelli row is present but fails the parasitism rule. Confidence 0.80. Mixed if one clause passes and the other fails, both measured. Confidence 0.70. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if the AnAge row or column is missing and the Morelli file or Cuculus canorus row cannot be read (confidence 0.80). Inconclusive, reason other, if exactly one clause is unmeasured and the measured clause passes (confidence 0.55): a pass on half the conjunction is not support. If exactly one clause is unmeasured and the measured clause fails, the verdict is refutes, because that clause of the claim is false (confidence 0.65). No other cuckoo species is substituted. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.55 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the natural-history clauses hold, the common cuckoo's clutch is small compared with other birds, and the species lays in other birds' nests. The cold-nature clause is not part of this test. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Compare the cuckoo's parsed clutch size with 4 and with the median of other parsed bird clutch sizes (N at least 100). Score the Morelli row by host count greater than 0, or by a parasitism field that is not an explicit negative. Both clauses pass for support; both fail for refutes; a split is mixed. The cold-nature sentence is left untested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-04--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Two clauses, both required for support. Few-eggs: in the AnAge zip https://genomics.senescence.info/species/dataset.zip, the row Genus Cuculus and Species canorus has a parseable 'Litter/Clutch size' (exact header, or the unique header containing 'Clutch' and 'size' and not 'year'). A single number is that number; a range a-b is its midpoint. Let m be the median clutch size of other Class Aves rows with a parseable value, and N the count of those other rows. The clause passes if N >= 100 and the cuckoo value is at most 4 and strictly below m. Parasitism: in Morelli et al. Dryad doi:10.5061/dryad.d4j56, file 'data Morelli et al. 2017 JAE.csv' (API file id 60545, download https://datadryad.org/downloads/file_stream/60545), the row whose scientific name is Cuculus canorus passes if a host-count column (header matching host) is a number greater than 0, or, if there is no host-count column, a parasitism column (header matching parasit) has a value other than blank, 0, no, non-parasitic, parental, or none. Support requires both clauses. Confidence on support is 0.72. 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