https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAkxM_p2L-PhzZBVWiN3HnrFZuG5FusxQIrmyHLw4IJ9o/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded 3 of the three pre-registered ONS birth-characteristics workbooks and scanned each sheet for a header row with male and female live births and at least eight single-week rows. No sheet met that rule, so the sex difference was not calculated. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: null weeks, female mean completed week minus male mean (n = 0). Interpretation: The claim is about human pregnancy. Completing the parts more slowly is read as a later week of birth, and taking ten months more often is read as a higher share of births at 40 or more completed weeks. Birth week is not a direct measure of organ-by-organ developmental rate. Weeks are completed weeks as published, so both sexes are coded on the same scale. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha07-08: inconclusive, confidence 0.35 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha07-08/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets The Office for National Statistics birth-characteristics workbooks for England and Wales, tried in the order 2022, then 2021, then 2020. The first workbook that contains a live-birth table of counts by single completed week and by sex is used. Among candidate tables in that workbook, choose the one with the most single-week rows whose headers identify male and female live births. Sheet titles containing stillbirth or death lose to a live-birth table. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind none https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Males have both the higher mean week and the higher proportion at 40 or more weeks. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst No sex-by-single-week live-birth table was found, so no mean week and no proportion at 40 or more weeks were computed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst ons-birth-characteristics-england-wales-2020: single-week labels without a male and female pair on 8, 11; male and female labels without single-week rows on 1, 14, 16. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst ons-birth-characteristics-england-wales-2021: single-week labels without a male and female pair on 8, 11; male and female labels without single-week rows on 1, 14, 16. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst ons-birth-characteristics-england-wales-2022: single-week labels without a male and female pair on Table_7, Table_10; male and female labels without single-week rows on Table_1, Table_13, Table_15. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Among live births, females have both a higher mean completed gestational week and a higher proportion born at 40 or more completed weeks than males. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refute if both sex differences run the other way: female mean strictly less than male mean, and female proportion at 40 or more weeks strictly less than the male proportion, with the same minimum of 10000 births of each sex. Mixed if one difference favours females and the other favours males. If the two means are equal or the two proportions are equal, treat that comparison as not favouring either sex: support requires both to favour females, refute requires both to favour males, and any split or tie is mixed. Inconclusive with reason underpowered if either sex has fewer than 10000 births in the table. Inconclusive with reason not-operationalizable if no table gives single completed weeks by sex for live births. Inconclusive with reason data-unavailable if none of the planned workbooks can be retrieved. Stillbirth, death and neonatal columns are not used. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.35 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If female human foetuses finish later than male foetuses and more often reach ten months, then female live births have a higher mean obstetric or completed gestational age and a higher share of births at 40 or more completed weeks than male live births. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Mean week is the birth-weighted average of single completed weeks. The late proportion is births at week 40 or above, including an open upper bin that starts at 40 or above, divided by all births in the sex-specific week rows. Compare the sexes by strict inequality. No minimum effect size is required. The empirical standard deviation of the week distribution may be reported and does not enter the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha07-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Support if, in the selected live-birth table, the female mean completed week is greater than the male mean and the female proportion of births at 40 or more completed weeks is greater than the male proportion, with at least 10000 births of each sex in the single-week rows. Ten months is read as ten lunar months, 40 completed weeks. The mean uses the week number as the value of each birth. 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