https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAkSRouYM0cJIA7UrnagEx2gdND0LnzYoXkM5YK0YucPQ/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Read Fertilization for every non-empty FishBase reproduc row in snapshot v26.06, counted distinct SpecCode values, and classed each code with the pre-registered list plus the article-dropping deviation. Walked ZFIN part-of and is-a links from mouth and intestine toward a shared digestive ancestor, and checked continuous-with edges between mouth and gonad terms. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 species whose Fertilization code describes a gut-to-uterus route (n = 14117). Interpretation: The sentence under test is Aristotle's denial: fish are not conceived by the female swallowing the male's milt, because the passage from the mouth leads to the intestine and not to the uterus. The denial is about that path. Fertilization 'in the mouth' is pre-registered as a different event and is counted separately. One zebrafish graph does not survey every fish; it tests the anatomical clause in a species whose anatomy is coded, while FishBase tests the fertilization clause across the species that have a code. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga03-15: mixed, confidence 0.78 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga03-15/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets The public FishBase reproduction table, which is a database of fishes independent of Aristotle, and the ZFIN anatomy relationship table for Danio rerio, a teleost with an explicit anatomical graph. Buccal fertilization and mouth brooding are admissible observations but are a different event from milt reaching the uterus through the gut. A login-walled source is not admissible. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Any species coded as fertilizing through the intestine, gut, or by swallowed milt, or an ontology link that joins the oral cavity directly to the ovary or uterus. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The anatomical clause is tested in Danio rerio only. A pass does not prove the same graph for every fish lineage. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The retired Ruby endpoint https://fishbase.ropensci.org/reproduc returned HTTP 404. The planned file is the v26.06 parquet at data.source.coop, whose HEAD response gave Content-Length 381404. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst This file was committed before the FishBase parquet or the ZFIN relationship file was downloaded or read for this test. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Unclassified codes are not silently folded into 'external'. They block a support verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation No FishBase fertilization code describes conception via the gut to the uterus, and the zebrafish mouth is part of the digestive tract while the ovary is not directly connected to the mouth. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refuted if one or more species carry a refuting fertilization code, or if the zebrafish anatomy file records a continuous_with or connected_to relationship between a mouth or oral-cavity term and an ovary, uterus, or gonad term. Mixed if the fertilization counts meet the support thresholds but the anatomy file lacks a mouth term and an intestine term, or if unclassified species are more than zero while refuting species are zero. Inconclusive with reason underpowered if the number of coded species is between 1 and 199. Inconclusive with reason data-unavailable if the parquet file or a Fertilization column cannot be read. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.78 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict mixed https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, fishes are not recorded as conceiving by milt that travels from the mouth through the intestine to the uterus, and in a documented teleost the mouth opens into the digestive tract rather than into the ovary. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Distinct species are counted by SpecCode under the closed code list in pass_criterion. The anatomical subtest passes if some mouth or oral-cavity item and some intestine item share a part_of or is_a chain into one digestive or alimentary item, and no continuous_with or connected_to edge joins a mouth item to an ovary, uterus, or gonad item. Thresholds are in pass_criterion and fail_criterion. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-15--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. From FishBase reproduc (Source Cooperative snapshot v26.06, table reproduc) count distinct SpecCode values whose Fertilization cell is non-empty. Normalize by stripping, casefolding, and collapsing whitespace. A value is refuting if it contains intestin, gut, swallow, ingest, or uterus. Otherwise it is compatible if it is exactly one of: external; internal; internal (in the oviduct); in the mouth; in a brood pouch; in a brood pouch or similar structure; elsewhere; or if it starts with 'external', 'internal', or 'in a brood pouch'. Any other non-empty value is unclassified. 'In the mouth' is compatible: it places the meeting of egg and sperm in the buccal cavity and does not send milt through the intestine to the uterus, which is the route Aristotle calls impossible. 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