https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAjmJD1RkL8RIE1mQwc9tuYmlc9gyOgyFs4q_nHJiz49M/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description analysis.py reads the PanTHERIA WR05 table, drops masses that are missing (-999) or not positive, and divides neonate mass by adult mass for 1069 species. Clause A asks whether Ursus arctos has the minimum ratio. Clause B compares that neonate mass with the adult masses of Mus musculus and Mustela nivalis. Clause C asks whether age at eye opening is after day 0. A recount that drops only the pre-registered marsupial orders is stored and does not set the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.002547 Ursus arctos neonate mass / adult mass (n = 1069, adult mass is not female-only; ratios use the table's adult body mass). Interpretation: The she-bear is Ursus arctos. 'Smallest in proportion to the mother' is neonate body mass divided by adult body mass. The dataset's adult mass is not sex-specific, so the ratio is neonate over a typical adult, not strictly the mother. 'All animals' is tested on the mammals PanTHERIA records; a smaller mammal refutes the universal, and a bear that is smallest among those mammals does not speak for birds or insects. The mouse is Mus musculus and the weasel is Mustela nivalis, compared as adult masses because Aristotle is giving the cub's absolute size against those animals. Born blind is an age at eye opening after day 0. Hairless and unformed limbs are outside this file. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha06-39: refutes, confidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha06-39/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets PanTHERIA 1.0 WR05 text table from Ecological Archives E090-184, columns 5-1_AdultBodyMass_g, 5-3_NeonateBodyMass_g, and 2-1_AgeatEyeOpening_d, missing value -999. One row per species. No species may be dropped from the primary test because its ratio is inconvenient. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Any other mammal has a smaller neonate/adult ratio. That alone refutes the superlative, whether or not the mouse and weasel comparison holds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Adult body mass is not the mother's mass. Where males are heavier, the ratio is smaller than neonate/mother. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Hairless skin and unformed limbs are not columns in PanTHERIA. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The extra recount drops only the marsupial orders named before the data were opened. The short-beaked echidna is still in that recount, and it is a monotreme. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The file is served by Ecological Archives. The archive landing page returned HTTP 403 to a header request from this environment; the text file itself returned HTTP 200. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The table covers mammals, not every animal. A smaller mammal refutes 'of all animals'; a minimum among mammals would not speak for birds or insects. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Ursus arctos has the minimum neonate/adult mass ratio among mammals with both measurements, its neonate mass is between the adult masses of Mus musculus and Mustela nivalis, and its age at eye opening is after birth. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Refutes if A fails, that is if any other mammal has a strictly smaller ratio. Mixed if A holds but B fails, or A holds and C is present and fails. If C is missing (-999) and A and B hold, supports, and the blind clause is reported as untested. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if Ursus arctos lacks a positive neonate mass or a positive adult mass, or fewer than 30 species have both masses. Hairless skin and unformed limbs are not columns in this table and do not enter the verdict. A placental-only recount, dropping Diprotodontia, Dasyuromorphia, Peramelemorphia, Didelphimorphia, Microbiotheria, Notoryctemorphia, and Paucituberculata, is extra and does not set the verdict. Adult mass is not female-only; that bias is a caveat, not a reason to change A. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the newborn bear is the smallest of all animals relative to its mother, larger than a mouse and smaller than a weasel, and born blind, then in a mammal life-history table the brown bear's neonate-to-adult mass ratio is less than or equal to every other mammal's ratio, the cub's mass sits between an adult mouse and an adult least weasel, and the cub's eyes open after birth. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Ratio = neonate mass / adult mass on rows with both values positive. A is bear ratio <= minimum of the other ratios. B compares the bear neonate with the two named adult masses. C is age at eye opening > 0. The verdict rules are in the fail criterion. The placental recount is stored as extra. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha06-39--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Supports if all three hold for Ursus arctos in PanTHERIA 1.0 WR05. A: among species with both 5-1_AdultBodyMass_g and 5-3_NeonateBodyMass_g greater than 0 (missing code -999 excluded), the Ursus arctos neonate/adult ratio is less than or equal to every other species' ratio. Equality counts as holding. B: Ursus arctos neonate mass is greater than Mus musculus adult mass and less than Mustela nivalis adult mass. C: 2-1_AgeatEyeOpening_d for Ursus arctos is greater than 0. 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