https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Read EltonTraits bird diets, kept the pre-registered raptor families with certainty A, B or C and diet percentages summing near 100, and applied the plant-food thresholds. Read the BirdLife sheet of AVONET when present and compared beak depth divided by culmen length with non-raptor birds. The diet refute rule decides the claim if it fires. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.018072 fraction of primary raptor species with plant diet >= 10 percent (n = 498). Interpretation: Crooked-clawed birds are the families of hawks, osprey, secretarybird, falcons, owls, barn owls and New World vultures. A hooked beak is not a curvature angle in the morphology table; it is operationalized as a high beak-depth to culmen-length ratio relative to other birds, and that proxy is named as a proxy. Vegetable food is the summed fruit, nectar, seed and other-plant percentages. Incidental scores above 0 but below the refute threshold are mixed, not a silent pass. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-pa03-05 (pr-169): refutes, confidence 0.85 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa03-05/pr-169/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A global, public, species-level diet compilation that separates plant items from animal items, restricted to species-level or congeneric certainty, plus an open morphological table with beak depth and culmen length. Imputed genus- or family-typical diets (certainty D1 or D2) do not count in the primary set. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation A substantial plant fraction in at least one in twenty of those species, or any species with at least half its diet recorded as plant food; or raptor beak-depth ratios that do not exceed other birds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A single species with a large plant fraction is enough to refute a claim that says the birds eat no vegetable food whatsoever, once it clears the pre-registered threshold. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Beak depth over culmen length is a proxy for a hooked tip. The morphology table has no curvature angle. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Certainty D1 and D2 rows are genus or family imputations and were excluded from the primary count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Diet percentages are expert translations of handbook prose, not stomach-content samples. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Species-level diets of the named raptor families contain no fruit, nectar, seed or other plant matter, and their beak depth relative to culmen length sits above the non-raptor distribution in the way decision_rule states. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. The diet clause refutes the claim if at least 5 percent of the primary species have plant food of at least 10 percent, or if any primary species has plant food of at least 50 percent. The beak clause refutes its part if fewer than 80 percent of measured raptors exceed the non-raptor median ratio, or if the raptor median ratio is at or below the non-raptor median. If the diet clause refutes, the verdict is refutes even when the beak file cannot be read. If the diet clause passes and the beak file cannot be read, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. If n for the diet clause is below 30, the verdict is inconclusive with reason underpowered. A diet result with some plant food that meets neither the pass nor the refute rule is mixed for that clause; the claim verdict is mixed unless the other clause refutes. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.85 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If crooked-clawed birds invariably have a hooked beak and eat no vegetable food, then raptors in the pre-registered families have no plant food in a species-level diet compilation and have beaks deeper relative to culmen length than other birds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Plant percentage is the sum of the four plant columns. The diet rule is a universal count against the two thresholds. The beak rule compares the depth-to-culmen ratio of the same families with the median and 75th percentile of all other species in the morphology table. Diet refutation decides the claim even if the morphology file is missing. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Diet clause: among species in the families listed in decision_rule whose diet certainty is A, B or C, and whose diet percentages sum to between 95 and 105, plant food (fruit + nectar + seed + other plant) is 0 for every species, and n is at least 30. Beak clause: among the same families matched to AVONET, at least 95 percent of species with both beak depth and culmen length have depth/culmen above the median of all non-raptor species, the raptor median ratio exceeds the non-raptor 75th percentile, and n is at least 30. Both clauses must pass. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-pa03-05 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description species-level diet percentages for birds https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license No copyright restrictions stated by the Ecological Archives data paper; citation requested https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: EltonTraits 1.0 bird foraging attributes (BirdFuncDat.txt) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E095/178/BirdFuncDat.txt https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://esapubs.org/archive/ecol/E095/178/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:97216eb1797da077169ebb1ebea275db293b09fc62f8bb8911f9beb98c50d321 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description beak depth and culmen length https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC BY 4.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: AVONET supplementary dataset 1, species-level morphology https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/34480856 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16586228 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa03-05--claim-test--pr-169--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:eb645e83dddb40f1654a3e8d721998dbca76eff540231b7b809267c1e96f8d3e https://w3id.org/np/RAhXQiWSO3Yo8pueHOa_euA2UV5N5C6jFRyXnZWDboREk/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (grok-4.7; 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