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Formalization: one. The principle of inclusions in stratigraphy; a relative-age rule.
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Steno N, “De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus”, Macmillan, New York (Univ. of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series XI), English translation by John Garrett Winter, 1916 (1669); Prodromus, solids within solids, p. 218. Scope: Fossils and crystals enclosed in sediment or rock; relative age of container and contained.
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Steno N. De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento dissertationis prodromus. Macmillan, New York (Univ. of Michigan Studies, Humanistic Series XI), English translation by John Garrett Winter, 1916 (1669), 205-283
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Nicolaus Steno
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1669
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Winter's 1916 translation with Hobbs's foreword; the Latin original is in archive.org nicolaistenonisd00sten. The translation's year is 1916; the graph dates the claims to 1669.
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Public domain (1669; translation 1916).
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Page 218 of the reading copy; paragraph 496 of the normalised text 1669-steno.txt (sha256 ffd1648fdb362aea9dc6fd282f07770a1f6b4b1f2b4b87635f8d88f0a8d58dbb), produced by build/fetch.py and checked by build/check-quotes.mjs. The text itself is not committed.
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these same bodies had already become hard at the time when the matter of the earth and rock containing them was still fluid
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Nicolaus Steno 1669 claim: A body enclosed on all sides by rock was already hard when the rock was still fluid
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