https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description For each of 179 ammonoid species, ww = CWI x dm, uw = UWI x dm and ah = dm(1 - WER^-1/2) were computed at every half whorl with data, and the OLS slope of log(dimension) on log(dm) was fitted across all stages (median 16 stages per species, dm from ~0.5 to ~30 mm). Isometry predicts slope 1. The across-species median and the fraction of species with all three slopes in [0.9, 1.1] were compared with the pre-registered thresholds, and repeated using only stages with dm >= 2 mm. For Nautilus pompilius, the same slopes were fitted per specimen and pooled across all 1408 stage observations of the 6 specimens. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.705 across-species median log-log exponent of umbilical width on conch diameter (isometry = 1) (n = 179, IQR 0.412-0.886). Interpretation: Thompson's 'shell' is the externally coiled molluscan shell; he uses Nautilus as the type case and the claim is stated for shells growing by terminal accretion generally (horns included). 'Does not change its shape' is mapped to isometry of conch dimensions with diameter across post-embryonic growth stages, which is exactly the self-similarity that defines the logarithmic spiral (whorl expansion rate and whorl-section proportions constant). Ammonoid conch-parameter trajectories (Korn's ww, wh, uw, dm measured at successive diameters) and Nautilus pompilius 3D ontogenetic morphometry are the public data; all stages present in the data are used, with a sensitivity analysis excluding dm < 2 mm (embryonic / earliest juvenile shell) reported in measured.extra. Species-level values (not every specimen) are the unit of analysis. The dataset file listings on Dryad were viewed to plan this test; no measurement values were downloaded or inspected before this pre-registration. Deviation noted after download: the released ammonoid table carries conch width index (ww/dm), umbilical width index (uw/dm) and whorl expansion rate WER rather than raw ww, wh, uw; ww and uw were reconstructed as index x dm, and the aperture height ah = dm(1 - WER^-1/2), the radial increment over the preceding half whorl, was used in place of the pre-registered whorl height wh (the same test of constant radial growth per turn). Nautilus has no umbilical measurement, so its test uses ww and ah only. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of thompson1917-ch11-05: refutes, confidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/thompson-growth-form/thompson1917-ch11-05/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-fable-5-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Planned datasets: dryad-c17p8-korn-walton-2018-ammonoid-ontogenetic-conch-parameters, dryad-4cb86-tajika-2017-nautilus-pompilius-3d-morphometry https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Pre-registered. The claim is refuted if the across-species median exponent for any of ww, wh or uw lies outside [0.80, 1.20], or if fewer than half of the species have all three exponents in [0.90, 1.10]. Results between pass and fail thresholds are 'mixed'. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Both pre-registered fail conditions fire for ammonoids: the median umbilical-width exponent (0.705) is far below 0.8, and only 8.9% of species are isometric in all three dimensions; 59% of species have uw exponents below 0.8 (whorls become relatively more involute with growth). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Dryad serves downloads behind a proof-of-work interstitial (Anubis); analysis.py completes it automatically. Dryad API downloads without a token returned HTTP 401 at the time of the test. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Early whorls (ammonitella and first juvenile whorls, dm < 2 mm) are included in the primary test because Thompson states the claim for the shell as a whole; excluding them makes the umbilical allometry stronger (median 0.633), not weaker. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Gastropods and horns, also within the stated scope, were not tested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Nautilus pompilius, Thompson's own exemplar, passes (pooled exponents 0.946 and 1.055; all 6 specimens within [0.9, 1.1]), so the claim holds approximately for the type case even though it fails as a general statement about coiled shells. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Thompson himself notes a few lines later that the spiral angle 'is not always, nor rigorously, a constant angle' in some ammonites; the data show that such ontogenetic change is the rule rather than the exception in this sample, which is biased toward pachyconic and globular Palaeozoic-Mesozoic ammonoids. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Whorl width and aperture height are close to isometric (medians 0.96-0.97; 69-79% of species within [0.9, 1.1]), so the departure from self-similarity is concentrated in the coiling tightness, not in the whorl section. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Pre-registered. For each species with measurements at >= 4 growth stages (diameters), fit ordinary least squares of log(ww), log(wh) and log(uw) on log(dm) across its stages. The claim is supported if (a) the across-species median exponent for each of the three dimensions lies in [0.90, 1.10], and (b) at least two thirds of species have all three exponents in [0.90, 1.10] (shape changes by less than ~25% over a ten-fold size range). The same test on Nautilus pompilius (Thompson's showcase) is reported separately and must also meet (a) for the species-level exponents from individual trajectories. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. The claim is refuted if the across-species median exponent for any of ww, wh or uw lies outside [0.80, 1.20], or if fewer than half of the species have all three exponents in [0.90, 1.10]. Results between pass and fail thresholds are 'mixed'. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If a coiled shell grows by terminal accretion without changing its shape, then within a species the dimensionless conch proportions (whorl width / diameter, whorl height / diameter, umbilical width / diameter) and the whorl expansion rate are constant across ontogeny, i.e. each linear conch dimension scales isometrically (log-log exponent 1) with conch diameter through the measured growth stages. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod For each of 179 ammonoid species, ww = CWI x dm, uw = UWI x dm and ah = dm(1 - WER^-1/2) were computed at every half whorl with data, and the OLS slope of log(dimension) on log(dm) was fitted across all stages (median 16 stages per species, dm from ~0.5 to ~30 mm). Isometry predicts slope 1. The across-species median and the fraction of species with all three slopes in [0.9, 1.1] were compared with the pre-registered thresholds, and repeated using only stages with dm >= 2 mm. For Nautilus pompilius, the same slopes were fitted per specimen and pooled across all 1408 stage observations of the 6 specimens. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. For each species with measurements at >= 4 growth stages (diameters), fit ordinary least squares of log(ww), log(wh) and log(uw) on log(dm) across its stages. The claim is supported if (a) the across-species median exponent for each of the three dimensions lies in [0.90, 1.10], and (b) at least two thirds of species have all three exponents in [0.90, 1.10] (shape changes by less than ~25% over a ten-fold size range). The same test on Nautilus pompilius (Thompson's showcase) is reported separately and must also meet (a) for the species-level exponents from individual trajectories. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/thompson1917-ch11-05 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Ontogenetic series (every half whorl, whorl 0 to 12) of conch diameter, ww/dm, uw/dm and WER for 179 Devonian-Jurassic ammonoid species from cross-sections https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC0 1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Data from: Iterative ontogenetic development of ammonoid conch shapes from the Devonian through to the Jurassic (Walton & Korn 2018, Palaeontology) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/downloads/file_stream/34579 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://datadryad.org/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.c17p8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:fbe2012f1d420ef7b292141ae0ed0ea8d046c4c15303663565dc72e0727ebe40 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Per-specimen CT-derived ontogenetic series of DM, WW, WER for 6 Nautilus pompilius shells (Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia), 169-322 stages each, DM 3-204 mm https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC0 1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Data from: Intraspecific variation in cephalopod conchs changes during ontogeny: perspectives from three-dimensional morphometry of Nautilus pompilius (Tajika, Morimoto, Wani & Klug 2018, Paleobiology) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/downloads/file_stream/75500 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://datadryad.org/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.4cb86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch11-05--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:db9ee691bc10f3c03ce78340f61c5b6f2fd98f9c3b1a1f3e194b8353aee4bb9f https://w3id.org/np/RAeSmlpPmkxChFnwf3w9pQtHSYMgUL_LEO6U4tAJFJErw/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-fable-5-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-fable-5-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (claude-fable-5.1; 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