https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAcxT-DEJYxL7lV8S5sYAFu-EbGRh5BUD-0BL1IfzTK-c/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Supplementary Table 1 gives births and deaths before one year for each completed week. Weeks were binned as pre-registered and survival was one minus deaths over births. Eight-month survival was compared with seven-month survival and with the birth-weighted survival of weeks 28 to 31, 36 to 39 and 40 to 43 together. AnAge was opened at the header only. Its gestation field is a single column, so the irregularity clause was not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.9881481989238099 birth-weighted infant survival at 32 to 35 completed weeks (n = 6900933). Interpretation: Irregular gestation is a within-species span, not a difference between species means. Seven to ten months are lunar months of 28 days, mapped onto completed weeks so that ten months lands on 40 weeks. Eight-month children survive less often than the rest means less often than the seven-month bin and less often than the seven-, nine- and ten-month bins together. The sentence is about live-born children, so the outcome is survival, not the number of births. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga04-16: refutes, confidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga04-16/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A checksummed paper table of survival by completed week of gestation, and a checksummed table of within-species gestation minima and maxima, or standard deviations, for humans and other species. A species mean with no spread is not admissible for the irregularity clause. Wikipedia and a civil-registration workbook that is not a paper supplement are not admissible. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Eight-month survival is at least as high as seven-month survival, or some other species has a gestation range at least as wide as the human range, or the human range is shorter than 84 days. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A failed survival clause refutes the conjunction. The lunar-month bins were fixed before this table was opened. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Eight-month survival is 0.98815 and seven-month survival is 0.96985, so children at 32 to 35 weeks survive more often, not less often. The same ordering holds against the other months pooled, at 0.99877. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The clause that man alone has an irregular gestation was not scored. AnAge records one gestation length per species and no minimum, maximum or standard deviation. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The outcome is death before one year in Japan from 2012 to 2018, not a neonatal rate and not a world census. The denominator is 6,900,933 births in weeks 28 to 43. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation The human gestation range is at least 84 days and larger than every other scored species, and survival at 32 to 35 weeks is below survival at 28 to 31 weeks and below the pooled rate for 28 to 31, 36 to 39 and 40 to 43 weeks. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Clause S fails if eight-month survival is greater than or equal to seven-month survival, or greater than or equal to the pooled other months. Clause I fails if the human range is under 84 days or if any other species has a range greater than or equal to the human range. One failed clause refutes the conjunction. Mixed if one clause passes and the other is untested. Underpowered if both clauses are consistent with the claim but a scored clause has fewer than 20 species and neither clause fails. Inconclusive with reason data-unavailable if no survival-by-week table and no within-species gestation range can be fetched. AnAge's one gestation number per species is not a range. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, human gestation varies across a wider span than any other scored species and covers seven to ten months, and children born at eight months survive less often than children born at seven months and less often than the other months. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Bin completed weeks as fixed above. Compare the eight-month rate with the seven-month rate and with the birth-weighted or unweighted pooled rate of the other bins. Compare ranges on the species table. Either failed clause refutes the conjunction. Report both denominators. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga04-16--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. A lunar month is 28 days, so ten months is 40 weeks. Completed weeks are binned as seven months 28 to 31, eight months 32 to 35, nine months 36 to 39, and ten months 40 to 43. Clause S passes if survival at eight months is strictly below survival at seven months and strictly below survival in the other three bins pooled. Survival is the table's neonatal or infant survival, one definition for every bin. If the table gives births and deaths, the rate is birth-weighted; otherwise it is the unweighted mean of the weekly rates inside the bin. Clause I passes if a within-species gestation range is published for humans and for other species, the human maximum minus minimum is at least 84 days, and that human range exceeds every other species, with at least 20 species scored. A single gestation length per species does not score clause I. 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