https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAXTkWMemIwfFxyHJh_xEwoPaU4SK17lSL37Eu_Qh5sSM/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description analysis.py searches Europe PMC for elephant snorkeling titles and Dryad for an elephant trunk swimming dataset, then requests the PNAS full text and PDF mirrors. A file counts only if it is a workbook, a csv, or a PDF whose bytes contain the word trunk. None of the responses were that file. Titles and HTTP statuses are recorded. No observation count is computed from prose. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 observation tables retrieved (n = 0). Interpretation: Aristotle says the elephant crosses water by breathing through the trunk while the tip stays above the surface. The poor-swimmer remark in the same passage is not this claim. A trunk that can be raised is not by itself a crossing. The measurement is an observation of trunk position during a crossing, with a count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha09-33: inconclusive, confidence 0.62 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha09-33/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A downloaded paper table or data file with a checksum, with one row per observation or a stated n, naming the species and the trunk position. Wikipedia, textbooks, and untabled prose do not count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind none https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation At least 2 of 3 tabulated crossings with the trunk tip under water or with breathing stopped. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst No observation table was downloaded. Dryad returned 0 datasets for elephant trunk swimming. Europe PMC returned 6 titles. The two open-access titles are about grasping objects and cervical CT, not water crossings. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Those papers are physiology arguments, and this test does not treat them as a count of crossings. No number of elephants was scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst West 2001 (doi 10.1016/s0034-5687(01)00203-1) and the fetal-lung paper (doi 10.1016/s1569-9048(03)00199-x) are marked not open access and were not fetched as full text. PMC21898 full text XML returned HTTP 500. The PMC PDF URL returned an HTML interstitial, and the PNAS and Europe PMC PDF URLs returned HTTP 403. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation At least 3 tabulated observations of an elephant breathing through a trunk whose tip is above the water while the body is in the water. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. The claim fails if a table of at least 3 water crossings records the trunk tip under water, or breathing stopped, for at least 2 of those crossings. A physiology calculation, a photograph described only in prose, and a historical anecdote that is not in a table do not pass and do not fail. If no observation table can be fetched, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. If a table exists but does not record trunk position and breathing, reason not-operationalizable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.62 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, a table of observations records elephants crossing water with the body submerged and the trunk tip above the surface while they breathe. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Pass at n at least 3 with the trunk tip above water. Fail if at least 2 of 3 tabulated crossings contradict that. No table is inconclusive, data-unavailable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. A downloaded table, not a prose paragraph, reports at least 3 observations of elephants in which the body is in water and the trunk tip is above the surface during breathing. The species may be Loxodonta africana or Elephas maximus. The claim passes only if that count is at least 3. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha09-33 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description title list used to choose which full texts to request https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license not stated on the search response https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Europe PMC search for elephant snorkeling titles https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.ebi.ac.uk/europepmc/webservices/rest/search?query=TITLE%3A%22elephant%22+AND+%28snorkel+OR+snorkeling%29&format=json&pageSize=8&resultType=lite https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://europepmc.org/search?query=TITLE%3A%22elephant%22%20AND%20%28snorkel%20OR%20snorkeling%29 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:bf12d17c81e605baa86656edc44fa118b444a8b6aa040f2a2e257bfca64a4eb7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-33--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description dataset search; 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