https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Table 1 of the headgear review was read from the PMC HTML. Solid-throughout means the keratin-sheath cell is minus. Branched means bone or sheath branching is plus. Shed or annually replaced means regeneration of bone, integument, or the keratin sheath is plus. Castration sentences are those containing 'castrat' in the antler review. A failed clause refutes the conjunction. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 2 clauses coded as passing (solid-and-branched unique to antler; shedding unique to antler; castration stops the normal hardened cycle) (n = 4, Table 1 cells coded + versus minus; castration from sentences containing castrat). Interpretation: 'Stag' and 'deer' are read as cervids, not one species, because the claim contrasts the stag with all other animals and the scope says deer versus other horned animals. 'Solid throughout' means the appendage itself is bone, not a keratin sheath over a bony core. 'Branched' means the appendage or its sheath has branches. 'Sheds its horns' includes annual loss of a keratin sheath, because that sheath is the horn an observer sees. Castration is the removal of the testes. Giraffe ossicones and bovid horns are in scope as other horned animals. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha03-14: refutes, confidence 0.84 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha03-14/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Open full texts of comparative reviews that describe structure and shedding for the extant ruminant headgear types, plus an open account of castration experiments or clinical castrates in deer. Specimen photographs without a coded comparison are not sufficient. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Another extant headgear type is solid and branched, or is shed or annually replaced, or castrated deer continue the ordinary annual casting of hardened antlers. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst An annually replaced keratin sheath counts as shedding, which is the pre-registered reading. The pronghorn sheath is that case. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Stag and deer are read as cervids, the antler column, not as one species. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The castration clause uses the sentences in PMC1571559. It does not add a second experiment. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Antlers alone are both solid bone and branched, antlers alone are shed or replaced annually, and castration stops the normal annual casting of hardened antlers. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Any one of the three clauses fails: a non-antler type is solid-throughout and branched, a non-antler type is shed or annually replaced, or castrates are described as keeping the normal annual cast of hardened antlers. If clause 1 or 2 cannot be coded from the headgear review, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. If clauses 1 and 2 pass and the castration text cannot be found, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. A failed clause is a refutation even if another clause is uncoded. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.84 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If only the deer has cranial appendages that are solid throughout and branched, and only the deer sheds them, annually, unless castrated, then a comparative review of extant ruminant headgear will assign solid-and-branched and annual shedding to cervid antlers alone, and a castration account will say that castrated deer do not keep the normal annual casting of hardened antlers. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Code each of the four types from the headgear review with pre-registered string rules, and code the castration clause from sentences that contain 'castrat'. A conjunction fails if any clause fails. No vote across papers beyond the two named sources. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion All three clauses pass. (1) Solid and branched: among the four extant types antler, bovid horn, pronghorn and ossicone, only the antler is coded solid-throughout and branched. (2) Shedding: only the antler is coded as shed or annually replaced, counting an annually shed keratin sheath as shedding. (3) Castration: the castration text says castrated male deer fail to complete the normal annual cycle of hardening and casting, for example by retaining velvet or by not regrowing a normal hardened antler the next year, and it does not say that castrates cast and regrow hardened antlers on the ordinary annual schedule. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha03-14 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description comparative table of extant ruminant headgear https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license not stated as a Creative Commons grant in the retrieved HTML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Evolution of ruminant headgear: a review - PMC https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3151718/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3151718/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:2a70ea8a12c664c2a07c0563978f88fbab3fe07bed079d55723cd3d5e015cbce https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description castration and the antler cycle https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license not stated as a Creative Commons grant in the retrieved HTML https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Deer antlers: a zoological curiosity or the key to understanding organ regeneration in mammals? - PMC https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1571559/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1571559/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-14--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:9346cae602116c91610d6b6b94026e4710d47cddab00862f60b9132a647dcb0d https://w3id.org/np/RAWyipAVVhp75RT9eWb3d42N3h194sVT-UJmMqijRpx0w/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; 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