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For the 5,670 species in the 195 families with >= 5 species it computes d = ln(depth/SL), w = ln(width/SL) and k = ln(mass/SL^3), centres each on its family mean, and computes the Spearman correlation of centred d and w and the SDs of centred d, w and k. Per-family correlations and SDs are written to derived/families.csv; the plaice/haddock ratios are reported separately." } g_iri { prefix_id: 2 name_id: 4 } } } rows { prefix { value: "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/" } } rows { name { value: "Assessment" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 4 name_id: 10 } o_iri { prefix_id: 10 name_id: 14 } } } rows { prefix { value: "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" } } rows { name { value: "comment" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 11 } o_literal { lex: "Measured: 0.5274 Spearman rho between family-centred ln(body depth/SL) and ln(body width/SL) across teleost species (n = 5670, one-sided p (rho<0) = 1; 195 families with >= 5 species). Interpretation: Thompson\'s \'expansion in one transverse dimension compensated by compression in the other\' is read as negative covariation of depth and width at a given length among related fishes; \'related\' is operationalized as the same family (FishBase family names used in FishShapes). Length is standard length; \'thickness\' is maximum fish width; \'volume at a given length\' is mass/SL^3 (Thompson\'s k uses weight, so mass is the direct quantity). Family-centring removes between-family differences so that the comparison is among related species, as Thompson\'s haddock/plaice and shark/skate examples are. Because ln k is approximately d + w + ln(density x shape factor), condition B can hold only if d and w covary negatively; it is the \'volume less affected than the linear dimensions\' clause. Secondary, reported but not part of the verdict: Thompson\'s named pair, plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) vs haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), if both are in the data: depth ratio expected ~2, width ratio ~0.5, k ratio ~1. Note they are in different orders, so this pair is not \'related\' by the family criterion." } } } rows { name { value: "label" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Claim test of thompson1917-ch17-18: refutes, confidence 0.8" } } } rows { name { value: "seeAlso" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/thompson-growth-form/thompson1917-ch17-18/" } } rows { name { value: "result.json" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_iri { prefix_id: 12 } } } rows { name { value: "wasAttributedTo" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/" } } rows { name { value: "delphisci-claim-tester-claude-opus-5-5" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 5 } o_iri { prefix_id: 13 } } } rows { name { value: "admissibleDatasets" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 10 } o_literal { lex: "Measurements of standard length, maximum body depth, maximum body width and mass taken on the same fish specimens, across many species in many families, by a source independent of Thompson; species identified to FishBase taxonomy; public licence." } } } rows { name { value: "assessmentType" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "claim-test/0.1.0" } } } rows { name { value: "dataKind" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "biological" } } } rows { name { value: "disconfirmingObservation" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Relative depth and width covary positively or not at all within families, and mass/SL^3 varies at least as much as the less variable of the two transverse dimensions." } } } rows { name { value: "evidenceAgainst" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Both ratios are divided by standard length, so overall elongation (slender vs stocky species) makes them covary positively. The pre-registered test follows Thompson\'s own framing (\'at a given length\'), but it does not isolate depth-width compensation at fixed cross-sectional area; an analysis that removes elongation (e.g. using depth/width directly or a cross-section measure) was not pre-registered and was not run." } } } rows { quad { o_literal { lex: "Species means rest on 1-3 specimens; intraspecific variation and measurement error inflate all three SDs, and k (three measurements combined) gets the most." } } } rows { quad { o_literal { lex: "Specimens are preserved museum fish; mass and width can change with fixation and ethanol storage, and specimens were chosen as adult-sized, not at matched length. These add noise to k but are unlikely to reverse the sign of a +0.53 correlation across 5,670 species." } } } rows { quad { o_literal { lex: "Thompson\'s named pair is partly borne out: plaice is 2.09 times as deep relative to length as haddock (expected ~2) and 0.64 times as wide (expected ~0.5, inside the pre-registered 0.35-0.7 band), but its k is 1.44 times haddock\'s, outside the pre-registered 0.8-1.25 \'nearly equal\' band. This pair is descriptive only and not part of the verdict." } } } rows { quad { o_literal { lex: "Within families, relatively deep species are also relatively wide, not narrower: the family-centred correlation is +0.53, positive in 90% of the 195 families (median +0.56). As a result ln k varies more (SD 0.35) than ln depth/SL (0.22) or ln width/SL (0.18), the opposite of Thompson\'s \'volume less affected than the linear dimensions\'." } } } rows { quad { o_literal { lex: "preregistered_at is the time of the pre-registration commit (78fafafa); the committed pre-registration carried an estimated time (21:40Z) written before committing. The data were first downloaded after that commit; criteria are unchanged." } } } rows { name { value: "expectedObservation" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Within fish families, species that are relatively deeper are relatively narrower (negative family-centred correlation of ln(depth/SL) and ln(width/SL)), and ln(mass/SL^3) varies less than either." } } } rows { name { value: "failCriterion" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Pre-registered. REFUTES if the Spearman rho between family-centred d and w is >= 0 AND the SD of family-centred k is >= the smaller of the SDs of family-centred d and w. Any other outcome is MIXED. Fewer than 20 qualifying families or 200 species: inconclusive (underpowered)." } } } rows { name { value: "hasConfidence" } } rows { datatype { value: "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "0.8" datatype: 1 } } } rows { name { value: "hasEvidence" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/" } } rows { name { value: "thompson1917-ch17-18--claim-test--dataset-1" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_iri { prefix_id: 14 } } } rows { name { value: "hasVerdict" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 10 } o_literal { lex: "refutes" } } } rows { name { value: "hypothesis" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Among related teleost species (same family), relative body depth (depth/length) and relative body width (width/length) vary inversely, so that the length-weight coefficient k = W/L^3, a proxy for volume at a given length, varies less across species than either relative transverse dimension." } } } rows { name { value: "inferenceMethod" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Species means, family-centring for families with >= 5 species, Spearman correlation of centred ln depth ratio vs ln width ratio (one-sided test for negative), and comparison of the SDs of centred ln k vs centred ln depth and width ratios, against the pre-registered thresholds." } } } rows { name { value: "passCriterion" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "Pre-registered. Species means from FishShapes v1 specimens (standard length SL, maximum body depth BD, maximum fish width FW, mass M; specimens with all four > 0). Variables per species: d = ln(BD/SL), w = ln(FW/SL), k = ln(M/SL^3). Families with >= 5 species are kept and each variable is centred on its family mean. (A) Spearman rho between family-centred d and w is < 0 with one-sided p < 0.05. (B) the SD of family-centred k is smaller than the SDs of family-centred d and of family-centred w. SUPPORTS if A and B both hold." } } } rows { name { value: "preregistered" } } rows { datatype { value: "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#boolean" } } rows { quad { p_iri { } o_literal { lex: "false" datatype: 2 } } } rows { prefix { value: "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/" } } rows { name { value: "thompson1917-ch17-18" } } rows { name { value: "hasAssessment" } } rows { quad { s_iri { prefix_id: 15 } p_iri { prefix_id: 10 } o_iri { prefix_id: 9 name_id: 12 } } } rows { quad { s_iri { prefix_id: 14 name_id: 30 } p_iri { prefix_id: 7 name_id: 13 } o_literal { lex: "standard length, maximum body depth, maximum fish width and mass of 16,523 museum specimens (Smithsonian NMNH), 1-3 per species" } } } rows { name { value: "license" } } rows { quad { p_iri { name_id: 38 } o_literal { lex: "CC0 1.0 (Dryad); the README asks users to cite Price et al. 2022, Ecology 103:e3829" } } } rows { name { value: "EvidenceItem" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 4 name_id: 10 } o_iri { prefix_id: 10 name_id: 39 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 11 name_id: 16 } o_literal { lex: "Dataset: FishShapes v1: functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions (Price et al. 2022)" } } } rows { name { value: "atLocation" } } rows { prefix { value: "https://datadryad.org/api/v2/versions/183047/" } } rows { name { value: "download" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 5 name_id: 40 } o_iri { prefix_id: 16 } } } rows { name { value: "wasDerivedFrom" } } rows { prefix { id: 6 value: "https://datadryad.org/dataset/doi:10.5061/" } } rows { name { value: "dryad.vt4b8gtvf" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 5 } o_iri { prefix_id: 6 } } } rows { name { value: "hasChecksum" } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 10 } o_literal { lex: "sha256:c190a553be92d7985b6ead2dee503273b10601ea77b1b4293820234b80798bf6" } } } rows { name { value: "SoftwareAgent" } } rows { quad { s_iri { prefix_id: 13 name_id: 20 } p_iri { prefix_id: 4 name_id: 10 } o_iri { prefix_id: 5 name_id: 45 } g_iri { prefix_id: 2 name_id: 7 } } } rows { quad { p_iri { prefix_id: 11 name_id: 16 } o_literal { lex: "delphisci claim tester (claude-opus-5.5; 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