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The table whose name is exactly 'international intervals' was used (international intervals, id 11), matching the planned dataset. Every interval with a numeric base age was read. B is the base age of the interval named Cambrian (538.8 Ma) and E is the maximum base age on that chart (Archean, 4031.0 Ma). The ratio (E-B)/B is 6.4814. The same ratio on PBDB scale_id=1 is 7.4762 (Cambrian early age 538.8 Ma, oldest Hadean at 4567.0 Ma). A Silurian-base sensitivity ratio of 8.0973 is not used for the verdict. No rows were subsampled." } ], "@type": [ "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment" ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment": [ { "@value": "Measured: 6.48144 ratio (time before Cambrian base) / (Cambrian base to present) (n = 170, Cambrian base differs by 0.0000 Ma between Macrostrat and PBDB). Interpretation: Full quote (Origin, 1st ed., ch. IX): \"Consequently, if my theory be true, it is indisputable that before the lowest Silurian stratum was deposited, long periods elapsed, as long as, or probably far longer than, the whole interval from the Silurian age to the present day; and that during these vast, yet quite unknown, periods of time, the world swarmed with living creatures.\" The test scores only the duration comparison. It does not test descent with modification, and it does not score \"swarmed with living creatures.\" In 1859 \"lowest Silurian\" named the base of the then-known fossiliferous system (Barrande's primordial zone and the Longmynd), which later editions call Cambrian; the claim context says Cambro-Silurian. B is therefore the Cambrian base, and the interval from that age to the present is B itself (present = 0). E is the oldest base on the same chart, so E - B is a lower bound on time before that boundary if the chart starts after Earth's formation. A sensitivity ratio using the modern Silurian base is reported and does not decide the verdict. \"Far longer\" (ratio >= 2) is reported as extra and is not required to pass." } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Claim test of darwin1859-ch09-13: supports, confidence 0.9" } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso": [ { "@id": "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/darwin-origin/darwin1859-ch09-13/result.json" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets": [ { "@value": "A public numerical international chronostratigraphic chart with named period bases in Ma, licensed for reuse, independent of the 1859 text. Fossil occurrence tables are not admissible for this duration verdict." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType": [ { "@value": "claim-test/0.1.0" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind": [ { "@value": "physical" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation": [ { "@value": "The Cambrian base is more than half the age of the oldest base on the same chart, so less time precedes it than follows it." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst": [ { "@value": "1859 'lowest Silurian' is mapped to the modern Cambrian base because that edition's lowest fossiliferous system was later renamed Cambrian. The modern Silurian base is a sensitivity check only." }, { "@value": "E is the oldest base on the chart, not an independent age of the Earth. If the chart starts after planetary formation, E-B understates the time before the boundary." }, { "@value": "PBDB license was not stated in the downloaded JSON." }, { "@value": "The PBDB JSON includes an elapsed_time field, so a later download can have a different sha256 even when every interval age is unchanged. The ages in measured are the quantity to reproduce." }, { "@value": "The clause that the world swarmed with living creatures during the pre-Silurian interval is not scored. No abundance measure was used." }, { "@value": "The conditional 'if my theory be true' is not tested. The verdict is only the duration comparison." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation": [ { "@value": "The chart's oldest base age minus the Cambrian base age is at least the Cambrian base age." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion": [ { "@value": "Refute if (E - B) / B < 1 on the Macrostrat international timescale. If the two sources disagree on which side of 1 the ratio falls, or their Cambrian base ages differ by more than 5 Ma, the verdict is inconclusive (reason other) rather than a pass or a fail." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence": [ { "@value": "0.9", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/darwin1859-ch09-13--claim-test--dataset-1" }, { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/darwin1859-ch09-13--claim-test--dataset-2" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict": [ { "@value": "supports" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis": [ { "@value": "On the international chronostratigraphic chart, the time from the start of the chart to the base of the Cambrian (the 1859 lowest Silurian / Cambro-Silurian boundary) is at least as long as the time from that base to the present." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod": [ { "@value": "Ratio (oldest base − Cambrian base) / Cambrian base on Macrostrat, confirmed on the PBDB copy of the ICS chart. Threshold is 1. No subsample: every interval in the chosen timescale is read, and only the named bases enter the ratio." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion": [ { "@value": "Let B be the base age in Ma of the interval named Cambrian on the Macrostrat international timescale, and let E be the maximum base age of any interval on that same timescale. Pass if (E - B) / B >= 1. 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