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Interpretation: The sentence scored is that heavy-bodied birds such as quails and partridges build no nests and lay in a scraped hollow on level ground. 'No nest' is the NestTraits scrape definition: no obvious construction beyond a scratch or a basic lining. 'Level ground' is NestSite_ground, not a cliff or a tree. The flight rationale in the same passage is not scored. Body mass is not in this table, so 'heavy' is the author's grouping, operationalized as the named species and every species in their orders." } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label": [ { "@value": "Claim test of aristotle-ha09-09: refutes, confidence 0.78" } ], "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso": [ { "@id": "https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha09-09/result.json" } ], "http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets": [ { "@value": "A species-level nest table with separate site and structure fields and a scientific or common name. A museum-title count is not a nest inventory. AVONET morphology is not a nest type." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType": [ { "@value": "claim-test/0.1.0" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind": [ { "@value": "biological" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation": [ { "@value": "Fewer than half of either group with a scored nest structure are exclusive ground scrapes." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst": [ { "@value": "Body mass is not in this table, so heavy-bodied is the named groups and their orders, not a mass cut." }, { "@value": "Common Quail is coded as a ground platform rather than a scrape. Covering a hollow with sticks can fall on the platform side of the NestTraits definitions." }, { "@value": "Common names follow the nest table, so a bird called a partridge in that file is in the named set." }, { "@value": "NestTraits codes a scrape as no obvious construction, which includes a basic lining. Aristotle also says the birds cover the hollow with thorns and sticks." }, { "@value": "Quail-plover and Partridge Pigeon are named by the common-name rule and import Charadriiformes and Columbiformes into the order denominator. The Galliformes-only fractions are reported as a sensitivity and do not replace the pre-registered verdict." }, { "@value": "The flight rationale in the same passage is untested." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation": [ { "@value": "Named quails and partridges, and the other scored species in the same orders, are ground-scrape nesters and not cup, dome, platform, or cavity nesters." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion": [ { "@value": "Pre-registered. Refute if either denominator is at least 8 and its match fraction is under 50 percent. If one group is at least 80 percent and the other is under 50 percent, the verdict is mixed. Fractions from 50 percent up to but not including 80 percent are mixed. If a structure column is absent, or fewer than 8 named species have a scored structure, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable or underpowered respectively." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence": [ { "@value": "0.78", "@type": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#double" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence": [ { "@id": "https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha09-09--claim-test--dataset-1" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict": [ { "@value": "refutes" } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis": [ { "@value": "Species whose common name is quail or partridge, and the other species in their orders, nest by a ground scrape and do not build a cup, dome, platform, or cavity." } ], "https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod": [ { "@value": "Two fractions, named species and their orders, with denominators equal to species whose structure fields are scored. 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