https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAQIbNYb3YMQtZYhRh9EcMlOMNGX8wXw4ByznfX15mTp4/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded the pre-registered workbook and read every sheet. A row counted as a cetacean only if its species cell began with a genus on the pre-registered list or contained dolphin, porpoise or whale. A column counted as bone only if its header referred to bone, cortical bone, an osteon or bone volume and was not a gene or dN/dS column. A value greater than zero on a cetacean row supports the claim. The file is not committed; its size and SHA-256 are. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: null largest positive bone-column value among cetacean species (column units as published) (n = 18, presence of a positive histological bone measurement; the column unit is the authors'). Interpretation: Aristotle's 'fish-spine' is the skeletal material he contrasts with bone. The scope line reads the dolphin as a cetacean, so a bone measurement on a cetacean skeleton is in scope, not only the genus Delphinus. A positive histological measurement of bone is the observation that the element is bone. The test does not compare a dolphin with a particular fish species, and it does not claim that every cetacean bone is solid rather than spongy. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha03-13: inconclusive, confidence 0.75 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha03-13/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets The supplementary workbook named by figshare as the bone-histology tables for cetacean rib, humerus and vertebrae: article 10049012, DOI 10.6084/m9.figshare.10049012.v1, file 12862_2019_1509_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx (106953 bytes in the article metadata), download https://ndownloader.figshare.com/files/18111446. The metadata was read on 2026-11-02 UTC. The workbook was not downloaded before this registration. No second file may be added after the sheet is read. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation The cetacean skeletal elements in the table are labeled cartilage or fish-spine, or their bone measurements are explicit zeros. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Column units are whatever the authors published. The verdict uses the sign of the value, greater than zero, not a threshold in a particular unit. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Gene dN/dS columns, if present, are not bone measurements and are excluded by the header rule. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The genus list is a taxonomic gate so that an outgroup in the same workbook is not counted. It is not a result. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The measurement shows that the sampled skeletal elements were quantified as bone. It does not compare those elements with the spine of a named fish. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The workbook does contain cetacean rows and numeric histology columns, but those headers are short codes (for example S, P, Cc, Cp, Cg, MD, CL, Cts) rather than the words bone, cortical, osteon or bone volume. The pre-registered rule does not treat those codes as bone columns, so the test is not operationalizable on this file. The codes were not added to the rule after they were seen. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The workbook was not opened before this file was committed. The byte size is the size reported by the figshare API, not a hash of the body. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Cetacean ribs, humeri or vertebrae in the histology table carry a positive measurement of bone. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refutes if every cetacean row is labeled cartilage or fish-spine, or if the only tissue values on cetacean rows are explicit zeros in the bone columns. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if the file loads and contains no cetacean row. Inconclusive, reason not-operationalizable, if the file loads and has no numeric bone, cortical, osteon or bone-volume column. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if the file cannot be retrieved. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.75 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis The skeleton of a dolphin, read as a cetacean, is bone rather than the spine of a fish. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Read every sheet. A cetacean row is one whose species cell starts with an accepted genus or contains dolphin, porpoise or whale. A bone column is a numeric column whose header matches bone, cortical, osteon or bone volume, and not a gene-name column of dN/dS values. Supports if any cetacean row has a value greater than zero in any bone column. Refutes only on an explicit cartilage or fish-spine label, or on explicit zeros. Otherwise inconclusive, with the reason in fail_criterion. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha03-13--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered, before the spreadsheet was downloaded. Supports if at least one row names a cetacean and at least one numeric column whose header refers to bone, cortical bone, an osteon or bone volume has a value greater than zero on that row. Cetacean genera accepted, and no others: Delphinus, Tursiops, Stenella, Phocoena, Orcinus, Globicephala, Grampus, Lagenorhynchus, Sousa, Steno, Cephalorhynchus, Phocoenoides, Neophocaena, Balaenoptera, Megaptera, Balaena, Eubalaena, Physeter, Kogia, Ziphius, Mesoplodon, Hyperoodon, Monodon, Delphinapterus, Inia, Lipotes, Platanista, Pontoporia. A common name of dolphin, porpoise or whale in the species cell also counts. 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