https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAOzUgfG1xDWBbUFp1OofITQzimlj4Od_abnSFvd8663I/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded Meshes.zip from Zenodo 2593861 and the measurement tables. Specimen identifiers are matched case-insensitively, and macOS resource-fork members whose names start with '._' are skipped. For each internal chamber mesh (SampleID-CH#.stl, numbered from the final chamber) and the shrink-wrapped whole test (SampleID-WRAP.stl), up to 5000 vertices are sampled and an algebraic sphere is fit. The specimen score is the median normalized RMS residual of the chambers, excluding the earliest, minus the whole-test residual. A one-sided Wilcoxon test across specimens is compared with the pre-registered threshold. The isoperimetric quotient from the measurement table is computed and not used, because the meshes are present. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: -0.008931936051936817 median across specimens of (median chamber sphere-fit residual minus whole-test residual); negative means chambers are closer to a sphere (n = 37, one-sided Wilcoxon p (chambers closer to a sphere) = 0.03262675827863859). Interpretation: Thompson's 'figure of equilibrium shaped by surface tension' for a new chamber is read as a spherical segment, the closed surface of constant mean curvature available from a mesh. The comparison is to the whole test, which the same sentence says is not itself a figure of minimal area. Globigerina and Rotalia are the named examples; planktonic foraminifera in the archive are in that class of multichambered shells, and any absence of Rotalia or of desmids is a limit on scope, not a reason to drop the specimens that are present. The moment of solidification is not in a mesh of the finished shell. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of thompson1917-ch05-08: supports, confidence 0.35 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/thompson-growth-form/thompson1917-ch05-08/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7-high-fast https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Segmented per-chamber surfaces, or per-chamber volume and surface area, for multichambered foraminifera, with a whole-test surface or measurement for the same specimen and a way to tell chambers apart. Public and licensed for reuse. Desmid semicells and live images of chamber formation would be admissible for the clauses this test leaves out; they are not required for the geometric reading. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Chamber surfaces depart from a sphere by as much as, or by more than, the whole multichambered test. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A sphere fit on the finished chamber mesh, including the septal wall, is a geometric comparison. It does not show that surface tension shaped the chamber. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Globigerina bulloides, the named genus present in the archive, has median paired difference -0.06252824301103344 (9 of 10 negative). Other genera in the same table are near zero or positive. The verdict uses all 37 specimens, not Globigerina alone. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst No Rotalia and no desmids are in this archive. The shells are finished calcite. Nothing here records a chamber while it was fluid or the moment it solidified, so the surface-tension mechanism and the fluid-to-rigid timing are untested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Six specimen ids in the chamber table (RS11-5, RS11-6, RS12-1, RS12-3, RS14-3, T1) have no joined shrink-wrap whole-test mesh and are absent from the test. One mesh id has no species label in the chamber table. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The isoperimetric quotients from the volume and area table are not the verdict. Some chamber quotients exceed 1, which a closed surface cannot, so those columns are not a clean sphere comparison. Their paired test does not meet the support rule. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The sphere-fit difference is small. Median normalized RMS residual is 0.12088461729839131 for chambers and 0.13400139724767005 for the whole test. The median paired difference is -0.008931936051936817 (mean -0.014913645970034601). 23 of 37 specimens have chambers closer to a sphere than the whole test (one-sided Wilcoxon p 0.03262675827863859). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Individual chamber surfaces are closer to a fitted sphere than the surface of the whole test from the same specimen. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. REFUTES if n_specimens >= 10 and the Wilcoxon test is significant (p < 0.05) in the opposite direction (chambers farther from a sphere than the whole shell). MIXED if one of the majority-sign and the significance requirements holds and the other does not. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if fewer than 10 specimens can be measured; data-unavailable if neither meshes nor area-and-volume tables can be fetched; not-operationalizable if chamber order or a closed surface cannot be identified. Desmids and the fluid-to-rigid timing are out of scope and are not scored. A sphere fit on a rigid shell does not show that the chamber was a fluid equilibrium when it formed. Thresholds are not revised after the meshes are opened. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.35 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict supports https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis Each foraminiferal chamber, once formed, lies closer to a sphere than the whole multichambered shell does. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Paired one-sided Wilcoxon test across specimens of the difference between the median chamber sphere-fit residual and the whole-test residual, p < 0.05, n >= 10, with the majority of specimens in the predicted direction. The isoperimetric quotient is the fallback when meshes are not in the archive. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch05-08--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered geometric reading. For each specimen that has a whole-test mesh and at least one per-chamber mesh with an ontogenetic order, fit a sphere by least squares to the vertices of each chamber mesh and to the whole-test mesh (subsample up to 5000 vertices if a mesh is larger). The residual s is the root-mean-square of |distance to the fitted centre minus radius|, divided by the fitted radius. The specimen value is the median s of its chambers excluding the earliest chamber, minus the whole-test s; negative means the chambers are closer to a sphere than the whole shell. SUPPORTS if n_specimens >= 10, a majority of specimens have a negative value, and a one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test of the values against 0 has p < 0.05 in the negative direction. If chamber meshes are absent and the archive instead gives per-chamber surface area and volume, the same test is run on the isoperimetric quotient Q = 36*pi*V^2/A^3, with the sign reversed (chambers should have higher Q than the whole test). Meshes are preferred when both exist. 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