https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: undefined undefined. Interpretation: 'The exact same ion channel mechanisms' is read as shared structural ancestry of the channel protein, the strongest sense in which a mechanism can be 'the same' across 3+ billion years; a shared biophysical principle without homology (e.g. any force-gated pore) would not count. Senses are mapped to the channels that transduce them in mammals: touch to PIEZO2; temperature to TRPV1 (heat) and TRPM8 (cold); taste to OTOP1 (sour), ENaC alpha/SCNN1A (salty) and TRPM5 (sweet, bitter and umami downstream of GPCRs); hearing to TMC1. Monomers are compared because the pore-forming fold lives in a single subunit for all of these families. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of levin-2019-boundary-14: mixed, confidence 0.55 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/levin-papers/levin-2019-boundary-14/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-opus-5-5 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Canonical UniProtKB sequences of channels with an established role in transducing the named sense, and of bacterial channels with experimentally confirmed channel function; structures predicted by a model that sees only the sequence (no templates from the comparison set). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind computational https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Transducing channels for some or all named senses (e.g. Piezo for touch, TMC for hearing, otopetrin for sour taste) align to no bacterial channel better than an unrelated membrane transporter does. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Pre-registered rule: mixed, because two of the four senses share a bacterial channel fold (TM >= 0.50 and at least 0.10 above GLUT1 on the same bacterial chain) and two do not. Controls pass: KCNA2 versus KcsA is 0.614, myoglobin's best is 0.365, GLUT1's best is 0.496. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Taste is shared only through TRPM5 versus NavAb (0.640). TRPM5 is the downstream transduction channel for sweet, bitter and umami, not the receptor. The sour channel OTOP1 tops out at 0.495 and the salt channel SCNN1A at 0.418, both under the 0.50 line. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Temperature is shared by both listed channels, not only the one the summary picks: TRPV1 versus NavAb is 0.661 and TRPM8 versus NavAb is 0.621. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst These are ESMFold2 single-sequence monomers, TM-score normalised by the bacterial chain. A shared fold is not a shared gating mechanism, and a miss is not proof the proteins are unrelated. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Touch (PIEZO2, best 0.493 versus NaK, and below GLUT1 on that chain) and hearing (TMC1, best 0.481 versus NaK) are not shared. PIEZO2 was folded as two overlapping windows after the full chain ran out of GPU memory; that deviation was recorded before any score was read. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Each named sense has a transducing channel whose predicted structure aligns to a bacterial channel at TM >= 0.5 (the conventional same-fold threshold), clearly above a non-channel membrane protein's score. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refutes: no sense is shared. Mixed: one to three senses shared. Inconclusive (reason 'other'): the positive control scores below 0.50, either negative control reaches 0.50 against any bacterial channel, or every channel listed for a sense has mean pLDDT < 50 (that sense is then reported as undetermined and the verdict is at most mixed). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.55 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict mixed https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis For each of the four senses named (touch, taste, temperature, hearing), at least one ion channel that transduces that sense in animals has a predicted structure containing the fold of a known bacterial ion channel, as measured by TM-score, clearly above the score a non-channel membrane protein reaches against the same bacterial channel. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Pairwise TM-align on predicted monomer structures, TM-score normalised by the bacterial chain; per-sense maximum compared with a fixed threshold (0.50) and with the GLUT1 negative-control margin (0.10); verdict by count of shared senses. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Structures for every protein are predicted with ESMFold2 on the Nebius Scientific AI Platform (single-sequence mode, seed 0) and aligned pairwise with TM-align (tmtools); the TM-score is normalised by the length of the bacterial chain. A sense is 'shared' if some channel listed for it reaches TM >= 0.50 against some bacterial channel AND that score exceeds the GLUT1 negative control's score against the same bacterial channel by >= 0.10. Supports: all four senses shared, with both controls behaving (positive control KCNA2 vs KcsA TM >= 0.50; negative controls myoglobin and GLUT1 below 0.50 against every bacterial channel). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/levin-2019-boundary-14 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/levin-2019-boundary-14--claim-test https://w3id.org/np/RAOtSdL_uXUhLJ49L7zJuhI_0vlWG7oUMiGcx6QXzMlaM/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-opus-5-5 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-claude-opus-5-5 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (claude-opus-5.5; cursor chat 2026-10-31 nebius structure tests) 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