https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs/Head https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RANQ9md9oH2CEwrqk5U6MrG_jkqc7yZtCz0zCykN0EkOs/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded Mammal Diversity Database v1.13 and checked its md5 and size. Counted extant species (extinct flag 0) in eight families. Coded hoof and horns from each Animal Diversity Web family account with the preregistered phrases, dropping contrast clauses, and applied the 2/3 and solid-hoof rules. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 1 share of extant species in horned panel families that are in cloven-hoofed families (n = 210). Interpretation: The great majority is pre-registered as more than two thirds, not a bare majority. The stag's antlers count as horns, as in the claim's examples. Equidae is the solid-hoofed group named in the claim's scope. Rhinoceroses can be horned without being solid-hoofed; they count in the horned denominator and against the cloven numerator if their hooves are not coded cloven. Applying one family code to every species hides hornless individuals and species, which is stated as a limit of the count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha02-03: inconclusive, confidence 0.4 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha02-03/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A species checklist of extant mammals with family names, plus a public family account that states hoof type and cranial appendages. Counts are of species, with the family trait applied to every extant species in that family. Extinct rows are excluded. Fossils outside the checklist are not in the test. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation A panel family is both solid-hoofed and horned, or at most half of the horned extant species are cloven-hoofed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Equidae text includes 'only one functional digit' and 'one-toed horse', and Rhinocerotidae text includes 'The horns are dermal' and 'each digit with a small hoof'. Those wordings are not in the pre-registered phrase lists, so both families stayed uncoded and the decisive-family gate failed closed. Phrases were not added after reading the pages. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Family-level wording is not a measurement of every species. A family described as horned contributes all of its extant species. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Provider md5 and size for the checklist are from the Zenodo API. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Recently extinct species are those the checklist marks extinct. Older fossils are absent. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation More than two thirds of extant species in horned families of the panel are in cloven-hoofed families, and the solid-hoofed family (Equidae) is not horned. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. Refute if any panel family is solid-hoofed and horned, or if the cloven proportion among horned extant species is 1/2 or less (confidence 0.65). If the proportion is greater than 1/2 and at most 2/3 and the universal holds, the verdict is mixed (confidence 0.55). If Bovidae, Cervidae, Rhinocerotidae or Equidae lacks a hoof or horn code, or the Mammal Diversity Database file does not match the provider md5, the verdict is inconclusive (confidence 0.40) with reason data-unavailable or underpowered. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.4 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the great majority of horned animals are cloven-hoofed and no solid-hoofed animal has a pair of horns, then among extant species in the pre-registered ungulate families the horned ones are mostly cloven and the solid-hoofed family has no horns. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Code hoof and horns from family-account phrases, count extant MDD species per family, and compare the cloven proportion to 2/3 and the solid-hoofed families to the horn codes. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. Antlers and ossicones count as horns. A great majority is a proportion strictly greater than 2/3 of extant species in horned families that belong to families coded cloven-hoofed. The universal holds if Equidae is coded solid-hoofed and hornless and no family in the panel is both solid-hoofed and horned. Both clauses must hold. 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