https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAJ_VolUUfr0W6mD5ivVn_ngv7-hyX8Dk80qgsB03-v0Y/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Downloaded the thesis PDF, checked its size and md5 against the repository record, and read Tables 1, 5 and 8 (pole blastomere contacts) by word coordinates. For each 4-cell row, a percentage is the value in that column and a blank is zero. Nearest-integer counts are percent times n. Where the polar-furrow columns sum to about 100 percent, every embryo is in full contact and an X-furrow column counts an embryo that also meets at a point at the other pole. Where only one contact type is filled, the rest of the row are openings and are excluded. The pre-registered fractions are applied to the pooled full-contact embryos. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.25 fraction of full-contact 4-cell embryos with an X-furrow (n = 20, counts are nearest integers of the table percentages times n; see extra.unrounded). Interpretation: Thompson's claim is about the four-celled stage of a segmenting egg whose cells are in full fluid contact: the four cells cannot meet in one point, a short intermediate partition (the polar furrow) must be present, and drawings of a simple cross are error or imperfect observation. He allows the furrow to be very short. A central hole, where the four cells do not touch, is not full contact and is not counted as a counterexample. The claim is universal across such eggs; one phoronid study can refute it if four-way junctions are common, and can support it only for the animals actually scored. Tetrahedral four-cell packings that are not a planar junction at the pole are outside the planar cross he discusses and are not recoded. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of thompson1917-ch07-05: refutes, confidence 0.45 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/thompson-growth-form/thompson1917-ch07-05/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A public count, from embryos rather than from a simulation, of four-cell stages scored for a polar furrow versus a four-way junction, in animals whose blastomeres can sit in one plane in fluid contact. Embryos the source describes as having a persistent central opening are outside the claim's full-contact scope and do not enter the denominator. Login-walled image stacks are not used. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation At least 25 percent of full-contact four-cell embryos meet in a four-way cross. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst One phoronid genus is not every animal egg the claim names. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Openings, where the four cells do not touch, are outside the claim's full-contact scope and are not counted as crosses. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Percentages were already rounded in the thesis, so a count can be off by about one embryo. The unrounded X total is stored beside the rounded one. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The PDF md5 matches the repository record. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The author notes that a very small opening is difficult to tell from an X-furrow, so some X calls may be openings. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst X-furrows in these tables come from fixed embryos. The 4D-recorded rows of P. pallida and P. muelleri show polar furrows or openings and no X-furrow. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Among four-cell embryos in full contact at the pole, a polar furrow is present in at least 90 percent and a four-way cross in at most 10 percent. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered (refutes). n_in_scope >= 20 and the X-furrow fraction >= 0.25. If n_in_scope >= 20 but neither the support rule nor the refute rule holds, the verdict is mixed. If a scoring table is found but n_in_scope < 20, the verdict is inconclusive with reason underpowered. If the public text does not yield machine-readable counts of polar furrows and four-way junctions, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. Figures are not scored by eye. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.45 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis At the four-cell stage, embryos whose blastomeres are in full contact at the pole show a polar furrow (a short contact between one pair of opposite cells) and do not meet four-at-a-point in a stable cross. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Pooled fraction of polar furrows and of four-way junctions among full-contact embryos, with the thresholds in pass_criterion and fail_criterion, plus a per-species split that forces mixed when species with n >= 10 disagree across those thresholds. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/thompson1917-ch07-05--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered (supports). From embryo counts scored by the source as polar furrow or as a four-way junction (X-furrow / simple cross), with a central opening or gap treated as not in full contact and excluded from the denominator: n_in_scope >= 20, the polar-furrow fraction >= 0.90, and the X-furrow fraction <= 0.10. 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