https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Fetched the Dataverse dataset record for Panthera leo 93 and counted distinct cervical directory names (atlas, axis, cervical III–VII). Fetched the public landing page of Onwuama et al. 2021 and read the vertebral formula in the abstract. Checked the Animal Diversity Web lion account for a cervical count and found none. Attempted the Dryad carnivoran landmark file and received HTTP 401. Applied the pre-registered rule to the sources that reported a count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 7 cervical elements reported for Panthera leo (minimum across voting sources) (n = 3, voting sources reported 7, 7). Interpretation: The claim is read as a species-level statement about Panthera leo: the neck is one bone, not a series of vertebrae. One normal skeleton with separate cervical bones is enough to refute that universal. The test does not ask whether the count is seven, only whether it is one. 'Pathological' is taken from the source's own wording. Fusion described as the normal lion neck would support the claim; fusion described as abnormal would not. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha02-01: refutes, confidence 0.9 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha02-01/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets Openly fetchable specimen file lists or published anatomical descriptions that state a cervical count, or that archive separately named cervical bones, for Panthera leo. The text must identify the lion (species or a specimen of that species). Aristotle's own sentence is not a source. A comparative landmark table counts only when a row or file is identified as Panthera leo; if the lion is absent, that table is dropped and does not vote. A source that never states a cervical count is silent, not a vote for either side. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation A normal lion skeleton or a species-level vertebral formula that names two or more distinct cervical elements (atlas, axis, or cervicals numbered above 1). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A web search used to locate a public lion-skeleton record returned an abstract that already stated a cervical formula, before this file was committed. The decision rule was fixed from the claim wording (one bone versus more than one) and was not changed after that abstract was seen. The counts in measured were parsed from the files by analysis.py. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Animal Diversity Web was silent, and the Dryad landmark file returned HTTP 401, so neither voted. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Onwuama et al. state one formula, C7 T13 L7 S3 C20-21, for two lions. The specimen total n=3 counts those two animals plus the Dataverse skeleton. Three skeletons refute a universal claim that the neck is one bone; they are not a range-wide survey. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The Dataverse count is the number of separately named bone directories (atlas, axis, cervical III–VII), not a measurement made by opening the meshes. Fragments of a single bone would not be labeled with those seven anatomical names. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The journal page does not state a licence. The formula used is the public abstract on that page. The PDF was not used. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Public specimen manifests and published osteological descriptions of Panthera leo record a single neck bone and do not list separate cervical vertebrae. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered (claim refuted). At least one admissible source reports a cervical count of 2 or more for Panthera leo and does not describe that specimen as a pathological fusion. If some reporting sources say 1 and others say 2 or more for non-pathological animals, the verdict is mixed. If no source yields a count, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. A count taken only from a specimen the source calls pathological, with no species-typical count, is inconclusive with reason other. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.9 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the lion's neck is one bone rather than vertebrae, every admissible public record of a normal Panthera leo neck reports exactly one cervical element and none reports two or more separate cervical bones. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Count distinct cervical identities per source: an explicit integer in a vertebral formula, or the number of separately named cervical bones in a file manifest (atlas, axis, cervical I–VII, C1–C7). Support only if every voting source has count 1. Refute if any non-pathological source has count >= 2. Mixed if the voting sources disagree. No average and no modern allometric model. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered (claim supported). At least one admissible source reports a cervical count for a normal lion, every reporting source reports exactly 1, and no source reports a count of 2 or more for a specimen that the source does not label as pathological. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha02-01 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description separately archived neck bones of one lion skeleton https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC BY-NC 4.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Panthera leo 93 (skeleton file manifest) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://dataverse.csuc.cat/api/datasets/:persistentId/?persistentId=doi:10.34810/data2062 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.34810/data2062 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:5f211cb668436dae97644cbfb9d1edd36ea9951503e7a7f8a576d4c3c5f7a827 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description published vertebral formula for two African lion skeletons https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license not stated on the public landing page https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Morphological studies on the axial skeleton of the African lion (Panthera leo) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://doi.org/10.22271/veterinary.2021.v6.i2a.328 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.22271/veterinary.2021.v6.i2a.328 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:6e0046f80457360f0e0593094e375357281362cc247e8bac9dde4466a9e060c9 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description species account checked for a stated cervical count https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license ADW content; see animaldiversity.org https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Animal Diversity Web account for Panthera leo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_leo/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_leo/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-3 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:301db81c3222a00e934eaa640df881943ec73051bc1e3b416b0d247fde445227 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description planned landmark tables; used only if a row is identified as Panthera leo. The CSV download was refused, so this dataset casts no vote. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC0-1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Phenotypic integration in the carnivoran backbone (Dryad) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/api/v2/files/604031/download https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://datadryad.org/api/v2/versions/108252/files https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.8931zcrq9 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha02-01--claim-test--dataset-4 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:01e8b23324672202e7a4f4a0f12e0ad5a1132833f1e7253b80bbd11eb5556e69 https://w3id.org/np/RAJIKcJwk6yxcYc6hjM_3hnC79HYZAS2sqORWWliLd0zg/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (grok-4.7; 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