https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description MorphoSource media and physical objects were searched for crocodile tongue, Crocodylus tongue, crocodilian tongue, tongue adheres, and immobile jaw crocodile. The one returned record was scored from its own title and part, not from the query words. The Figshare docx of the Rawson jaw-shape supplement was downloaded, unzipped, and counted for the words tongue, adher, immobile, kinetic, and upper jaw. The docx was not committed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 records stating tongue attachment or which jaw moves (n = 1). Interpretation: The crocodile is read as Crocodylidae, the scope on the claim. The river crocodile is included and is not the only species that can count. Three clauses are kept apart: the tongue adheres to the lower jaw; the lower jaw does not move; the upper jaw moves. A nictitating membrane, an eyelid, or a skull title is not evidence about the tongue or the jaw joint. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-pa02-41: inconclusive, confidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa02-41/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets MorphoSource media or physical-object title, part, and description, or a checksummed paper supplement with an explicit sentence. A citation title that merely contains the word tongue does not count. Wikipedia is not admissible. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation A crocodilian record that the tongue is free or can be stuck out, or that the lower jaw depresses, or that the upper jaw is the immobile one. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst None of the three clauses is scored. Searches for crocodile tongue, Crocodylus tongue, crocodilian tongue, and tongue adheres returned no media and no physical objects. A zero is not evidence that the tongue adheres to the lower jaw. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The Rawson supplement (Figshare 10.6084/m9.figshare.26540009.v1, 4,295,092 bytes) is a jaw-shape study. Its document text contains no occurrence of tongue, adher, immobile, kinetic, or upper jaw. Jaw outline measurements do not say which jaw moves. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The only hit, media 000771082, is a CT series titled Lower Jaw, Teeth for Doratodon sp. The title and part name a lower jaw. They do not say the jaw moves, that it does not move, or that a tongue is attached. Doratodon is an extinct crocodile-line archosaur, not a living crocodile. Naming the bone is not a statement about the jaw joint. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The tongue clause, the immobile-lower-jaw clause, and the moving-upper-jaw clause each stay untested. This does not repeat a verdict from another claim; these searches were run for this claim. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation At least three crocodilian records say the tongue is fixed to the lower jaw, and at least three say the upper jaw moves while the lower jaw does not. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion The tongue clause refutes if at least 1 crocodilian record states that the tongue is free of the lower jaw or can be protruded. The jaw clause refutes if at least 1 crocodilian record states that the lower jaw moves or that the upper jaw does not. One clause can refute while the other is untested; the verdict is then mixed and the clauses are named. If the fetched records name the tongue or the jaw and never say whether the tongue is attached or which jaw moves, the verdict is inconclusive with reason not-operationalizable. Zero search hits are not evidence that the tongue is attached or that a jaw is immobile. If no admissible record is fetched, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, crocodilian records say that the tongue is stuck to the lower jaw, that the lower jaw does not move, and that the upper jaw does. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Score the tongue clause and the jaw clause separately. Require the support floor of three records and two species. A single explicit counterexample refutes that clause. Do not treat a named bone as motion. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion The tongue clause supports if at least 3 crocodilian records, from at least 2 species, state that the tongue adheres or is fixed to the lower jaw or the floor of the mouth. The jaw clause supports if at least 3 crocodilian records, from at least 2 species, state that the upper jaw moves and the lower jaw does not. Overall supports only if both clauses support. A record that only names a tongue, a mandible, or a skull does not count. Naming a bone is not a statement about motion or attachment. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-pa02-41 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description whether specimen metadata states tongue attachment or which jaw moves https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license unresolved. The search responses contain no license field. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: MorphoSource media and physical-object search for crocodile tongue and jaw motion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/media?q=Crocodylus+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/media?q=crocodile+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/media?q=crocodilian+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/media?q=immobile+jaw+crocodile&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/media?q=tongue+adheres&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/physical-objects?q=Crocodylus+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/physical-objects?q=crocodile+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/physical-objects?q=crocodilian+tongue&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/physical-objects?q=immobile+jaw+crocodile&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://www.morphosource.org/api/physical-objects?q=tongue+adheres&search_field=all_fields&page=1&per_page=10 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://www.morphosource.org/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:0ebe1e1b154e252025448b75e2a4f73f4ac3c7b01a8c88ca828409c45ddaf9b7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:3286499be6ee18fef012ec18f5207b18542e111ff432d671c8a0b217e866927e https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:955fd4608503ce3cbdd7d7f80e3b49f09f5563e8ce64ba9d0f9dbdd59aa67a79 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description checked for a sentence about the tongue or about which jaw moves; the file is a jaw-shape supplement https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test--dataset-2 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license CC BY 4.0. 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cursor/aristotle-anatomy-b-3f24) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#actedOnBehalfOf https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/usesModel https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier grok-4.7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/LanguageModel https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa02-41/result.json https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/test https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/plan http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPlan https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/README.md https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/plan https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-11-08T16:24:31.792Z https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasNanopubType https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa02-41--claim-test https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-pa02-41: inconclusive, confidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyFHtPB6p0mCjDozxlOY9CmO3nBm7Te3jFbXyLmM+G1tGe47Da0jYIbhkl9Oo1ZjxmCa3LCwlEqK8gj6hEIcL4ahW30JXh9HycfKVk1bugkzMEV15tJdTzAU3sGMFnbNsn43xY2LFLy45tApkRm5byEiM7oRRrooIdwoQKnP4Wzq/bfAoJ9qvW+MGkelyOTd1jbSt+KfmT7xKmDfWzAHddUlWwMX2QJOLxDaffOteTop6ZRgPiNmPJKA/S62Gac9XtSYT3oDkZ6/nr5cxxNLpOyxTf5FPISiCe11xYO/unYjY+mwnOfA8yhJIyx1l0O9I0vpOpn+E5TvyHJV+oSTrvwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature KERcCjZHjFRKYqFgfrnt5sPP0ZQjwzfhjofAHAECvRIsAjgNi5xkaIDXyEo0Y+yixpVjpvs4o3DJkZ7KafZlakiK0k5ZQZ5TNk9VVl5ZZ9aC8RUHTc5XgvfZfj4ESPHfl5AQa0yBKR23XLQq4wKPQ+x/d2H1Gd9BQMfnyzPWXEc1KoCt53hajATbEXpd/wkQX1kvWeHBF7ZAUL6+xjOwJotwgL51hVbJBhwnm1OszaCuOSVHUw2MDnubQz0A+WravVNu4ryCfs/Fa6ZfcsMezX/EKQRsWyPySFQlAxrrntslYc1ytDnYHnEtLSzLUotIIewtnQA1rKXBUJBqytGRAA== https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8 https://w3id.org/np/RAIDHYd44iJp24BnY07zDSixsvIDy2lRsfQxahp_6Mkx8/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192