https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAGjec4XG5h5QGywdM3IaqeiTi0Nv0l1PAXyfNy4ii1VA/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description The PanTHERIA table was read as tab-separated text. Annual fecundity is litter size times litters per year. Values at or below zero, including the missing code -999, were dropped. No binomial was repeated. For 370 species with density, fecundity and adult mass, log10 density and log10 fecundity were residualized on log10 mass by least squares, and the Pearson correlation of the residuals was tested one-sided against a positive slope. A raw Spearman correlation of fecundity and density was computed and was not used for the verdict. The Ecological Archives landing page returned HTTP 403, so no licence line was read from it. doi.org redirected 10.1890/08-1494.1 to the Wiley article URL and then returned a bot-challenge page, so the article text was not read. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0.036643 partial Pearson r of log10 population density and log10 annual fecundity controlling for log10 adult body mass (n = 370, one-sided p for r>0 = 0.241123; two-sided p = 0.482246). Interpretation: Darwin's average number of individuals is population density (individuals per square kilometre). How many eggs or seeds a species produces is, for mammals, annual fecundity: litter size times litters per year. 'Depends only indirectly' is read as the absence of a positive partial association once body mass, which drives both fecundity and density, is removed. The early-destruction clause is not tested, because PanTHERIA has no juvenile mortality. Plants and non-mammal animals in the stated scope are untested. A weak partial correlation does not show that fecundity compensates for destruction; it shows only that fecundity does not positively predict density after mass is controlled. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of darwin1859-ch03-03: supports, confidence 0.56 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/darwin-origin/darwin1859-ch03-03/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A species-level mammal table with population density, litter size, litters per year and adult body mass, with missing values coded, public and reusable. Juvenile survival is not required for this verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation After adult body mass is controlled, mammal population density rises clearly with annual fecundity. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Mammals only. The claim names animals and plants. Plants and non-mammal animals were not tested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Only 370 of 5416 species rows have all three measurements. The sample is the well-studied subset. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The Ecological Archives landing page returned HTTP 403, so the licence was not read. The file itself was fetched and hashed. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The early-destruction clause is untested. PanTHERIA has no juvenile mortality, so a weak partial correlation does not show that high fecundity compensates for early death. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The mass-controlled partial r is 0.036643 (one-sided p 0.241) on 370 species, which meets the support rule. The raw Spearman of fecundity and density is 0.48281 (two-sided p 5.28e-23). That positive association, which the mass control removes, is descriptive and was not the verdict statistic. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation After adult body mass is controlled, mammal population density is not positively correlated with annual fecundity. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. REFUTES if at least 40 species qualify and partial r is at least 0.25 with one-sided p below 0.01. Any other outcome with at least 40 species is MIXED. Fewer than 40 species is inconclusive (underpowered). An unobtainable file is inconclusive (data-unavailable). Juvenile mortality is not in this table. The clause that high fecundity compensates for early destruction is untested and cannot support or refute the verdict. The test is mammals only. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.56 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict supports https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis Among mammal species, annual fecundity is not positively associated with population density once adult body mass is held constant. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Partial Pearson correlation of log10 density and log10 litter-size times litters-per-year, residualized on log10 adult mass. Support requires r below 0.15 and a one-sided p of at least 0.05. Refutation requires r at least 0.25 and one-sided p below 0.01. The destruction clause is left untested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/darwin1859-ch03-03--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered, before opening the table. Data: PanTHERIA 1.0 (Ecological Archives E090-184), file PanTHERIA_1-0_WR05_Aug2008.txt. Variables: 21-1_PopulationDensity_n/km2, 15-1_LitterSize, 16-1_LittersPerYear, 5-1_AdultBodyMass_g. A value is missing if it is blank, non-numeric, or less than or equal to zero, which treats the PanTHERIA missing code -999 as missing. Annual fecundity is litter size times litters per year. One row per binomial; if a binomial is repeated, that binomial is dropped. The statistic is the partial Pearson correlation of log10(density) and log10(annual fecundity) controlling for log10(adult body mass): both log-density and log-fecundity are residualized by ordinary least squares on log-mass, and r is the Pearson correlation of the residuals, with the one-sided p-value for r greater than 0 taken from the two-sided pearsonr p-value halved when r is positive and one minus half when r is negative. SUPPORTS if at least 40 species have all three quantities and partial r is below 0.15 and the one-sided p-value is at least 0.05. 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