https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Species matching fixed the Ixodida and Psocodea usage keys. Phthiraptera did not match. Every occurrence page for taxonKey plus the quoted query Equus asinus was downloaded. A record counts only when associatedTaxa still contains Equus asinus after donkey-horse hybrid phrases are removed. The universal over birds and mammals was not scored, because the extract is presence-only. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 9 GBIF occurrences whose associatedTaxa names Equus asinus after hybrid phrases are removed (n = 9). Interpretation: Thompson's translation, HA V.31: 'All other winged animals that are furnished with feathers are similarly infested, and all hair-coated creatures also, with the single exception of the ass, which is infested neither with lice nor with ticks.' Feathered animals are birds (Aves). Hair-coated animals are mammals (Mammalia). The ass is Equus asinus, not the horse. Lice are Phthiraptera. Ticks are Ixodida. The universal 'all' is scored only where the table records hosts that were surveyed, so the denominator is surveyed hosts, not every species lacking a presence record. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ha05-45: mixed, confidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ha05-45/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets GBIF occurrences that include a host or associated-taxon field linking a parasite occurrence to a host species, or a checksummed paper supplement of host-parasite records. Fetched and checksummed. Wikipedia and undownloaded memory are inadmissible. Presence-only dumps are admissible for a positive host record and inadmissible as proof that an unlisted host lacks the parasite. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation An explicit louse or tick host record on Equus asinus, or a surveyed-host table in which fewer than half of birds or of mammals have lice. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Donkey-horse hybrid phrases were removed before the host test, so a mule is not the ass. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst GBIF licenses differ by occurrence. The licenses listed are the ones on the records that passed the host filter. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The search is presence-only. It cannot show that every bird and every mammal has lice, and it cannot show that an ass without a record has no lice. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst associatedTaxa is free text. A phrase naming Equus asinus was required; a parasite epithet such as asini was not treated as the host. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Surveyed birds and surveyed mammals are at least 95 percent lice-positive, the ass is the sole lice-negative exception, and the ass has no tick record. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. REFUTES the exception if the fetched table contains at least one explicit host record of a louse (Phthiraptera) or a tick (Ixodida) on Equus asinus. REFUTES the universal if a presence/absence survey table shows fewer than 50 percent of surveyed bird species or fewer than 50 percent of surveyed mammal species with lice (n >= 30). MIXED if the exception is refuted and the universal cannot be scored, or if one of birds and mammals meets its rule and the other does not. INCONCLUSIVE reason data-unavailable if no fetched table contains a host-parasite record for lice or ticks. A species name containing 'asini' is not a host record. Absence of a GBIF occurrence is not evidence of absence. Sheep and goats, mentioned in the next sentence of HA V.31, are outside this claim and are not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict mixed https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis Every feathered animal and every hair-coated animal is infested with lice, except the ass, which has neither lice nor ticks. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Count explicit Equus asinus host links to Phthiraptera and to Ixodida. Where the table has a survey denominator, compute the lice-positive fraction for Aves and for Mammalia against the 95 percent and 50 percent thresholds. If only positive records exist, the universal stays untested and a positive ass record refutes the exception clause; the claim verdict then follows the fail rule for MIXED versus REFUTES as written above. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered. SUPPORTS only if both hold: (i) in a table that records lice as present or absent on surveyed hosts, at least 95 percent of feathered (bird) hosts and 95 percent of hair-coated (mammal) hosts are lice-positive, each with denominator n >= 30 surveyed species, and the ass is the only mammal or bird in that table scored lice-negative; (ii) the ass (Equus asinus) has zero lice records and zero tick records in that table. Presence-only repositories cannot establish (i). https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ha05-45 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description associatedTaxa host strings. Presence-only hits do not show that an unlisted host lacks the parasite. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license per occurrence; see measured.extra.licenses https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: GBIF occurrence search for Ixodida and Psocodea with query Equus asinus https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/search?taxonKey=1425&q=%22Equus+asinus%22&limit=300&offset=0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/search?taxonKey=1425&q=%22Equus+asinus%22&limit=300&offset=300 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/search?taxonKey=1425&q=%22Equus+asinus%22&limit=300&offset=600 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/search?taxonKey=1425&q=%22Equus+asinus%22&limit=300&offset=900 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/search?taxonKey=7612838&q=%22Equus+asinus%22&limit=300&offset=0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Equus+asinus https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Ixodida https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Phthiraptera https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://api.gbif.org/v1/species/match?name=Psocodea https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://www.gbif.org/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:0ba86ddc175883d113570be6ff6af58655ddc8d728ceff89ef85a3f010c0340b https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:62462c2789f5b197970b17abd46e66a641bc31869963698afe47d7fd4e74b9b6 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:62dd03bd6ba4b198c18e437c92fa0b858737fa2c5d554578a5318285e0bf8121 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:6762185eea853ef8272752ec76ad5aa1bd291a98cd6c92c0a5c16e6e92f6486a https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:9a57b2f59b478593185ee89f9e3d2aaed09ef55623a419066576e92204a72fcf https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:bdd8e8900ecf62e0576f4dab7c367d527715163372a9ebc521e28c41c4643ac5 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:dd526714b76621f37efb9c2eb562f64c621f8674ba0329bdd4e93a5581240be8 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:e3959cea907422ac9d529718590dd0512ff3b0f13f3a0f19f08c822843716fa2 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ha05-45--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:f4e304984d400e9b80c3faf20c00659350c2f79e1bcafa3a8655674d9e40484a https://w3id.org/np/RAGRY96X85OvR-SCnQTR_-hgdJf91A4RO0zkkxFiCbnUY/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (grok-4.7; 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