https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM/Head https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RAEVoj3X0WPeMPy9dP1ZgtZ_3gktwKphvoNy_5Drc93MM/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description analysis.py matches Equus asinus (usageKey 2440891, rank SPECIES) and requests occurrence counts with hasCoordinate true and occurrenceStatus PRESENT for the three pre-registered boxes, then subtracts basisOfRecord FOSSIL_SPECIMEN. Control net count is 6. Scythia net is 1 (control_inadequate); Celts beyond Iberia net is 22 (control_inadequate). Absence is under 20 and under 5 percent of the control; presence is at least 20 and at least 10 percent of the control. The cold-nature clause is not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 23 non-fossil coordinate occurrences of Equus asinus in the two named regions (n = 6, GBIF count at retrieval; not a census of animals and not restricted to animals born in the box). Interpretation: The full geographic sentence is: 'Again the ass is an animal of cold nature, and so is not wont to be produced in wintry regions because it cannot bear cold, as in Scythia and the neighbouring country and among the Celts beyond Iberia, for this country also is cold.' Only the 'not wont to be produced in' the two named regions is tested. Scythia and the neighbouring country are fixed as the Pontic-Caspian steppe north of the Black Sea, not Siberia and not the whole of modern Russia. The Celts beyond Iberia are fixed as Britain, Ireland and northern Gaul, north of 49 degrees, not Iberia. 'Produced' is read as modern recorded presence of the domestic ass, including animals kept by people, because the ass in the passage is the domestic animal breeders do or do not keep. The boxes were written down before the counts were requested. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga02-38: inconclusive, confidence 0.75 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga02-38/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets GBIF species-match and occurrence-search counts for Equus asinus, with coordinates, present-day records, fossils subtracted. No climate layer and no other species. The API is https://api.gbif.org/v1/. Counts are the data; a hit count of museum titles is not. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation Both named wintry boxes have at least 20 such occurrences and at least a tenth of the control count. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst A count is not a breeding census. 'Produced' is read as recorded presence. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Fossil specimens were subtracted. Records with no coordinates were not counted. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst GBIF records of Equus asinus include domestic and transported animals. The ass in the claim is a domestic animal, so those records are kept. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The boxes were fixed before the counts. They are a reading of Scythia and of the Celts beyond Iberia, not a survey of every cold climate. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The cold-nature cause is a separate clause and is not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation Coordinate-bearing non-fossil occurrences of Equus asinus are at least 30 in the Greek control box and are below both the absolute and the relative absence thresholds in both named wintry boxes. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Pre-registered. A named region shows presence if its count is at least 20 and at least 10 percent of the control count. Refutes if the control is adequate and both named regions show presence. Mixed if the control is adequate and the two named regions disagree, or either region falls between the absence rule and the presence rule. Inconclusive, reason underpowered, if the control count is under 30. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if the species match is not Equus asinus at species rank or the occurrence API does not return a count. Museum-record totals without coordinates are not an inventory and are not used. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.75 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the geographic clause holds, the ass (Equus asinus) is absent from Scythia and the neighbouring country and from the land of the Celts beyond Iberia, relative to a Mediterranean control region where the ass was kept. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Three box counts and one fossil-subtraction per box, plus the control. Absence and presence use the absolute floors 20 and the shares 5 percent and 10 percent of the control. The cold-nature sentence is reported as unscored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Pre-registered before any GBIF occurrence query for this claim. Taxon is the GBIF species match for the string Equus asinus at rank SPECIES; Equus hemionus, Equus africanus, Equus caballus and mules are not substitutes. An occurrence counts if hasCoordinate is true and occurrenceStatus is PRESENT, after subtracting records with basisOfRecord FOSSIL_SPECIMEN. Boxes, WGS84, edges included: Scythia and the neighbouring country, latitude 46 to 52 and longitude 30 to 48; Celts beyond Iberia, latitude 49 to 59 and longitude -10 to 5; control (Greece and the adjacent Aegean shore), latitude 37 to 41.5 and longitude 20 to 26. The control is adequate only if its count is at least 30. A named region shows absence only if its count is under 20 and under 5 percent of the control count. The geographic clause passes only if the control is adequate and both named regions show absence. The cold-nature clause ('an animal of cold nature', 'because it cannot bear cold') is not scored. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ga02-38 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description coordinate occurrence counts in three pre-registered boxes, fossils subtracted https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga02-38--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license Per-record; GBIF occurrence records use CC0, CC BY or CC BY-NC. These calls retrieved counts, not a single-licence download. 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