https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/Head https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description The publisher PDF was downloaded and rendered at 200 dpi with pdftoppm. Tesseract read each page. Domestic-goose blunt and total counts, the domestic-duck pointed-end-first fraction, and parenthetical hen fractions were taken from that text. Shares are blunt/(blunt+pointed). Fractions with n<20 are reported and do not enter the verdict. Hen series that each have n>=20 are pooled as domestic fowl. Double-yolked eggs have no paired counts in this paper. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 eligible species (n>=20) with blunt-end-first share strictly above 0.5 (n = 3, counts read by OCR from a scanned PDF; percentages recomputed from the extracted numerators). Interpretation: The claim says the sharp end, where the egg was attached, comes out of the hen after the blunt end. That is read as blunt-end-first oviposition. 'The hen' names the domestic fowl; the scope is birds, especially the fowl, so other domestic birds in the same observation series count, and the fowl is reported separately when the paper gives a count for it. Cited percentages from earlier authors count only when this paper also states the numerator and denominator. The attachment-to-the-uterus clause is not separately measured. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-ga03-10: refutes, confidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-ga03-10/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets A peer-reviewed series of direct oviposition observations that states pointed-end-first and blunt-end-first counts for bird eggs. Secondary citations count only with a numerator and a denominator printed in the source used here. Licence must allow retrieval of the publisher PDF. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation For each such species, the number laid pointed end first exceeds the number laid blunt end first. Species that disagree with each other are a mixed result, not a pass. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Domestic fowl enters only through fractions this paper prints (Wood-Gush and Gilbert). Bradfield's 9 of 10 is below the pre-registered floor of 20 and is not in the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The PDF is a scan, so the counts depend on OCR. Each percentage cited beside a fraction was recomputed from the extracted numerator and denominator. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst The attachment-to-the-uterus clause is not measured. Double-yolked eggs are discussed in the paper without a pointed-versus-blunt count, so they do not set the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation For each bird species with at least 20 observed layings, the number laid blunt end first exceeds the number laid pointed end first. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Every such species has pointed-end-first share strictly above 0.5 (the sharp end comes out first). If at least one species with n>=20 is blunt-majority and at least one is pointed-majority, the verdict is mixed. If no species has at least 20 eggs with both counts stated, the verdict is inconclusive with reason data-unavailable. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.86 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict refutes https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If a bird's egg is laid blunt end first, so that the sharp end comes out later, then in direct counts of oviposition the blunt end is the majority orientation. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Extract the printed counts, compute blunt/(blunt+pointed) per species, and apply the majority thresholds above. No model and no exclusion of double-yolked eggs unless the paper already separates them; single-yolked and unspecified layings are the primary rows, and double-yolked rows are reported but do not set the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion In Salamon and Kent 2014, every bird species with at least 20 eggs whose pointed-end-first and blunt-end-first counts are both stated has blunt-end-first share strictly above 0.5. If the domestic fowl is among those species, its blunt-end-first share is also strictly above 0.5. A share of exactly 0.5 is not a pass. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-ga03-10 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description direct oviposition counts for geese and ducks, and cited hen fractions that print a numerator and a denominator https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license Copyright Asian Network for Scientific Information 2014, as printed on the PDF; no Creative Commons grant is printed on the file https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Salamon and Kent 2014, Orientation of the egg at laying https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/ijps/2014/316-318.pdf https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2014.316.318 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-ga03-10--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:de8985758b5c659cc89f14ab502e95d6c19c3282a4c0ff48ba5fac09c9649b36 https://w3id.org/np/RA2a4UVqgcFIWidg2a4_efUyScyWMEzfGKrP8PXwpCl7U/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; 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