https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/Head https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasAssertion https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/assertion https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasProvenance https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/provenance https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#hasPublicationInfo https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.nanopub.org/nschema#Nanopublication https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/assertion https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://purl.org/dc/terms/description Fetched the four Animal Diversity Web accounts and searched the text for a number of digits or toes tied to a fore foot and a hind foot. A dewclaw stated for a foot whose count is four is added, so the count includes it. Conflicting numbers leave the species unscored. The domestic dog is scored only from sentences that survive a redirect onto the wolf account. The verdict uses the pre-registered thresholds and no other website. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment Measured: 0 named species whose account states 5 fore digits and 4 hind digits (n = 4, one published account per species; unscored accounts state no digit formula). Interpretation: The claim names wolves, lions, dogs and leopards and gives one formula for all of them: five digits on each forefoot and four on each hind foot. The dewclaw is included because the claim's 'five' on the forefoot is the count that includes it; dropping it would test a different sentence. The test does not ask whether other polydactylous quadrupeds share the formula. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-pa04-18: inconclusive, confidence 0.6 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa04-18/result.json https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/admissibleDatasets The Animal Diversity Web species accounts for those four names, fetched live. Counts must be integers or number-words in the account text tied to a fore foot and a hind foot. A general remark that carnivores have claws, with no number, is not a count. No other website is consulted for the verdict. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/assessmentType claim-test/0.1.0 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/dataKind biological https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/disconfirmingObservation An explicit digit count, dewclaw rule applied, of something other than 5 in front or other than 4 behind, for two or more of those species. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst Accounts are secondary natural-history statements, not a specimen-by-specimen count. One account per species is one published description, not a sample size of individuals. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/evidenceAgainst No Animal Diversity Web account was read before this commit. A wolf page had been downloaded to a temporary file during a URL check; its text was not used to write these criteria. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/expectedObservation For Canis lupus, Panthera leo, Canis lupus familiaris and Panthera pardus, the account states five fore digits and four hind digits, counting a dewclaw when the account includes it. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/failCriterion Refutes if two or more scored species have an explicit count other than five on the forefoot or other than four on the hind foot. Mixed if exactly one scored species fails and at least one other species passes. Inconclusive, reason data-unavailable, if fewer than three species have both a fore count and a hind count explicitly stated. A species is unscored if the account does not state both counts, if two sentences give conflicting counts, or if the domestic-dog account is only a redirect to the wolf account and no sentence distinguishes the dog's digits from the wolf's. Unscored species are not failures. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasConfidence 0.6 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasEvidence https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasVerdict inconclusive https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hypothesis If the claim holds, wolves, lions, dogs and leopards each have five digits on the forefoot and four digits on the hind foot. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/inferenceMethod Strip HTML. Prefer the Physical Description section when that heading exists; otherwise use the whole account. Apply the dewclaw rule, then the thresholds in pass_criterion and fail_criterion. Domestic dog and wolf are separate species only when their digit sentences are not the same undifferentiated account. Confidence is 0.75 if all four species are scored and agree, 0.60 if the verdict rests on exactly three scored species, 0.70 if refutes, 0.50 if mixed, and 0.60 if inconclusive. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/passCriterion Supports if at least three of the four named species have an explicit forefoot digit count of 5 and an explicit hind-foot digit count of 4 in the Animal Diversity Web account, and no scored species has any other pair of counts. A dewclaw is a digit: if the account says four toes on a foot and also says that foot has a dewclaw, the count for that foot is 5. If it says the dewclaw is absent, it is not added. https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/preregistered false https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/claim/aristotle-pa04-18 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasAssessment https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/description explicit forefoot and hind-foot digit counts https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://purl.org/dc/terms/license Animal Diversity Web, University of Michigan Museum of Zoology https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/EvidenceItem https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Dataset: Animal Diversity Web accounts for wolf, lion, domestic dog, and leopard https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Canis_lupus/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Canis_lupus_familiaris/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_leo/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#atLocation https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Panthera_pardus/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://animaldiversity.org/ https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:0414c3414de6e2fd0c368c689acf05dfd7ae718ae77a5ad122e469dcc9e84f33 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:301db81c3222a00e934eaa640df881943ec73051bc1e3b416b0d247fde445227 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:3c789547f6e7a6289f5e16e774bd899908a3cdd0867a41cb6effa5978aa0dbcd https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/evidence/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test--dataset-1 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/hasChecksum sha256:d95cbdc11d012b3164fc353d5f85cb5e00375c6531305725f9d929ddded9f47d https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/provenance https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#SoftwareAgent https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label delphisci claim tester (Grok 4.7; cursor/aristotle-biology-claim-tests-c47a) https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#actedOnBehalfOf https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/usesModel https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://purl.org/dc/terms/identifier Grok 4.7 https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/model/grok-4-7 http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/LanguageModel https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAttributedTo https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/aristotle-biology/aristotle-pa04-18/result.json https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/assertion http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasGeneratedBy https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/test https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/plan http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#hadPlan https://github.com/fractastical/delphisci/blob/bf2af6ee0a84e23ffa6414ad7a0a50a8c276506e/test-data/claim-tests/README.md https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/test http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#Activity https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#qualifiedAssociation https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/plan https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/test http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasAssociatedWith https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/agent/delphisci-claim-tester-grok-4-7 https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/pubinfo https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://purl.org/dc/terms/created 2026-11-08T16:24:31.798Z https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192 https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://purl.org/dc/terms/license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasNanopubType https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/Assessment https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://purl.org/nanopub/x/introduces https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/assessment/aristotle-pa04-18--claim-test https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label Claim test of aristotle-pa04-18: inconclusive, confidence 0.6 https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg https://w3id.org/delphi/ontology/domain https://w3id.org/delphi/resource/domain/aristotle-biology https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasAlgorithm RSA https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasPublicKey MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEAyFHtPB6p0mCjDozxlOY9CmO3nBm7Te3jFbXyLmM+G1tGe47Da0jYIbhkl9Oo1ZjxmCa3LCwlEqK8gj6hEIcL4ahW30JXh9HycfKVk1bugkzMEV15tJdTzAU3sGMFnbNsn43xY2LFLy45tApkRm5byEiM7oRRrooIdwoQKnP4Wzq/bfAoJ9qvW+MGkelyOTd1jbSt+KfmT7xKmDfWzAHddUlWwMX2QJOLxDaffOteTop6ZRgPiNmPJKA/S62Gac9XtSYT3oDkZ6/nr5cxxNLpOyxTf5FPISiCe11xYO/unYjY+mwnOfA8yhJIyx1l0O9I0vpOpn+E5TvyHJV+oSTrvwIDAQAB https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignature PBqMSjmL2EW9lg9hSBYF+cHxsJOH465Kg85GpNg22V9feIBB8atCmHnFAlzT6x3xGPPy7C2Qx0Yy9y4fBlxcEwhDcriQhMwJP+DslGTAUF0S6aeNbMtGGqAuotP0y2zwcvp5OC2HaHe17RBG0FL+lj3yoH+3Vy4WPc4UgWROHSgNIaYtx2ubQsEIrk/u4io5BE663KiADmTLDlvakq5tl3MggoWjKVQlj/9c3t3/YbssrsRCqcwOCg3NmaGcgVWfHRHJ7cbPHu8MSqMjELlVGLyealmFETg/V1oaBHeo0nAbJ3kkZ33ExwLowFizNMfBK2iklYTDBwFhoftBLvA8pQ== https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/hasSignatureTarget https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg https://w3id.org/np/RA1VUzgxZqI6wVsTShex70n_7zg-CLicj_NkCfcWYlmLg/sig http://purl.org/nanopub/x/signedBy https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4948-9192